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Man brukar höra att evolution handlar om att de starkaste, de bäst lämpade, överlever. Detta för tankarna till en värld full med översittare, som hänsynslöst driver fram och lämnar de svaga bakom sig. Men det behöver inte vara så. Denna avhandling visar oss att gemenskap är styrka, och att evolutionen skapar liv där de svaga ibland sitter på de starkas axlar.Strutsar är märkliga varelser. De ser uPeople are used to hearing that evolution is about the survival of the fittest. Theyimagine a world full of bullies that ruthlessly fight their way to the top in the struggle for life, leaving the weak behind. But this doesn’t need be the case. This thesis reveals a different side of evolution, where survival means working together, and where the weak can ride on the shoulders of the fit.Ostriches

Popular Abstract in English We won’t give up Anatolia! Shouting this slogan, thousands of villagers marched towards Ankara, protesting against the projects that threaten to channel Anatolian rivers into hydro-power plants. The majority of demonstrators did not reach Ankara. The police stopped them at the city gates for disturbing the public order: hydroelectricity development is a national prioritPrivate Rivers is a study of contested processes whereby use rights to water are privatised for electricity production. It engages with the issues of renewable energy solutions and the sustainability of run-of-river hydro projects in Turkey by investigating the connection between these policies and justice for rural populations, whose livelihood depends on the rivers. Since 2001, water privatisati

Popular Abstract in Swedish Från 1865 och framåt öppnades i nordöstra U.S.A ett antal college där unga kvinnor kunde avlägga en icke yrkesinriktad akademisk examen. Efter några decennier använde några som utexaminerats från dessa institutioner sina erfarenheter i populära berättelser om studenter på college. Avhandlingen visar hur denna utbildning presenteras i skönlitterär form. Fokus ligger på Twenty years after Vassar College welcomed the first American female undergraduates in 1865, the experiences of women college students began to be fictionalized in so-called college stories. This thesis shows how higher education is presented in the novels, collections of short stories, and serialized stories for female readers published before the United States was involved in the First World Wa

Stuttering is one of the most common speech disorders. However, the etiology is poorly understood, and is likely to be heterogeneous. The aim of this thesis was to clarify causal mechanisms, focusing the brain. The project included theoretical development based on published data, and a broad approach of explorative studies and testing of hypotheses. The theoretical work focused the basal ganglia,

Colorectal cancers are globally ranked as the third most common cancer form in terms of incidence and mortality. Diet has long been considered as one of the main factors affecting population outcome regarding development of cancer in the colon. Numerous epidemiological studies have found links between consumption of dietary fibres and milk and reduced risk of cancers including colon cancer. To be

This thesis analyses the renegotiation of Swedish national identity in newspapers’ coverage of the Olympics of 1912. The “sun-shine Olympics”, as Swedes have come to term the event, idealises early twentieth-century Sweden and early sports events. Researchers have shown that this era was far from idyllic in Sweden: it was characterised by various battles concerning the proper national community. N

Popular Abstract in Swedish Nematod-fångande svampar är en grupp av filamentösa svampar som lever i jorden. De kan som deras namn antyder fånga och infektera nematoder. Varför är det då viktigt att studera dessa svampar? Svaret är just nematoder. Nematoder, även kända som rundmaskar, kan infektera både människor, djur och växter. Vi i Europa är relativt förskonade mot dessa infektioner om man jämfNematode-trapping fungi are soil-living organisms with the unique ability to capture and infect free-living nematodes. The interest in studying these fungi arises from their potential use as biological control agents for plant- and animal-parasitic nematodes. To enter the parasitic stage, nematode-trapping fungi develop different kinds of trapping structures. In order to understand more about the

Ethnic discrimination, like most other socially pathological practices, does not yield itself easily to legal regulation. On the one hand, it is often difficult to amass evidence and present proof of the unlawful nature of many practices, which are experienced as discriminatory by some citizens. On the other hand, the law is far from the exact, logically coherent, impartial, independent, and effec

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under 1920-talet och framåt accelererade moderningseringsprocessen på många plan och det svenska samhället kom att allt mer förändras. Följande studie handlar i mycket om hur man på olika sätt kan förhålla sig till den nya tid som kommer. Gertud Lilja var verksam mellan 1924 och 1964. Under 1920-40-talen var hon en känd och diskuterad författare, men med tiden har henneThe aim of this thesis is to present and discuss the author Gertrud Lilja with a special focus on her relationship to modernity from a feminist perspective. In the 1920s Lilja was regarded as an interesting and promising author. Ten years later she was seen as a conservative and popular author who wrote mainly for women. As this is the first published thesis that discusses Gertrud Lilja it focuses

The increasing interest in the European historical log construction has heightened the need for comprehensive studies in different parts of the continent to view both the common features and the particular ones. The advanced Scandinavian research has revealed the problems of studying in depth and maintaining the log heritage when links to traditional carpentry are lost. One of the fortunate places

This thesis explores the changing patterns of employment and income assimilation among male immigrants to Sweden. In brief, the results of this work are that immigrants have been facing an increasingly difficult time integrating into the Swedish economy. This difficulty has not been caused by decreasing “quality” of the newer immigrant cohorts, as has often been the argument in the literature. Rat

In 1993-1998 the lichen flora of Stora Karlso and Lilla Karlso was surveyed. These two nearby islands are situated outside the west coast of Gotland, Sweden, in the Baltic Sea. In all, 355 species were found, including three lichenicolous fungi. Two species are new to Sweden, viz. Lepraria flavescens and Placynthium lismorense. Both were found on limestone. The number of species according to habit

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem fristående uppsatser som utnyttjar tidsserieanalys för studerande av några olika makroekonomiska frågor. I kapitel två, tre och fyra används s.k. vektorautoregressiva (VAR) modeller för att studera privat konsumtionsbeteende i Sverige. Enligt den permanenta inkomst hypotesen väljer individerna sin konsumtion med hänsyn till sin långsiktiga ellAdvances in time series analysis during the last two decades have stimulated research in a number of areas in macroeconomics. This thesis is a compilation of five essays using cointegrated vector autoregressive (VAR) models, unit root tests and regime switching models to investigate the behavior of private consumption, public debt and the real exchange rate. Chapter two explores the empirical evi

Twenty years after Vassar College welcomed the first American female undergraduates in 1865, the experiences of women college students began to be fictionalized in so-called college stories. This thesis shows how higher education is presented in the novels, collections of short stories, and serialized stories for female readers published before the United States was involved in the First World Wa

Acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen, has been found at mg/kg levels, in heat-treated carbohydrate-rich foods. Acrylamide is formed via the Maillard reaction as a result of the reaction between the amino acid asparagine and reducing sugars (glucose and fructose). Potatoes contain relatively high levels of both asparagine and reducing sugars and therefore potato products such as crisps, French f

While once abstruse, 14-3-3 proteins are now well known as players in several cellular processes. These processes range from apoptosis and mitosis in mammals and yeast, to regulation of primary metabolism in plants. To date, 104 proteins have been shown to interact with 14-3-3s of which 85 are found in mammals and yeast, and 21 are found in plants. Their consensus action is to bind to phosphorylat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Winnicott definierade och införde begreppen övergångsobjekt (ÖO) och övergångsfenomen (ÖF) vid ett möte i brittiska psykoanalytiska föreningen i maj 1951. Detta kopplades till ett tänkande, som gällde utvecklingen av barnets relaterande från en från början alltigenom subjektiv upplevelsevärld till en värld med ”verkliga” relationer - och talade om ”the intermediate areaThe central issue of the dissertation is the place and meaning of the concepts transitional object (TO) and transitional phenomenon (TP) as defined by Winnicott, in a normal psychological context. A group of children were followed from age 8 months to 6 years. A prevalence study was carried out by interviewing parents in connection with the child's (n=147) routine check-ups at the Child Health Cen

The plant plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase is a predominant membrane enzyme that provides the energy for secondary active transport across the plasma membrane. Consequently, the H⁺-ATPase is thought to play a major role in many cell processes, and it is implicated to be regulated by a number of factors, including hormones, blue light, and fungal toxins The plant plasma membrane H

Antigenic variation of surface proteins allows microorganisms to evade the immune system of the infected host. This phenomenon represents an apparent paradox, because the variable protein must retain an important function, while its antigenic properties vary extensively. The surface associated M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, a common human pathogen, exhibits antigenic variation due to an N-te