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Purpose: Flattening filters (FFs) have been considered as an integral part of the treatment head of a medical accelerator for more than 50 years. The reasons for the longstanding use are, however, historical ones. Advanced treatment techniques, such as stereotactic radiotherapy or intensity modulated radiotherapy have stimulated the interest in operating linear accelerators in a flattening filter
In normal cells, the cell cycle is controlled by a complex series of signalling pathways by which a cell grows, replicates its DNA and divides. The critical task of the cell cycle is to ensure that DNA is faithfully replicated and that identical chromosomal copies are distributed equally to two daughter cells during mitosis with the help of the mitotic spindle. Thus, mitotic spindle formation is v
This chapter is an overview of the prehistory of L, how people across the globe from our earliest sources to 1961 have tried to understand the beginning and end of history, and the rise and fall of civilizations. Factor L is put into a longer historical context of human conceptions about history, time, and civilization. In focus is the question of how it was possible to formulate L in its modern v
Background The safety of long-acting beta(2) agonist (LABA) therapy in asthma remains controversial but no large scale analyses have been published of LABA safety in children. Methods The frequency of asthma-related deaths and hospitalisations following formoterol use in children (4-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years), compared with non-LABA treatment, was assessed in all AstraZeneca-sponsored
Background: Pancreatic cancer and other pancreaticobiliary type periampullary adenocarcinomas have a dismal prognosis even after resection and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Intestinal type periampullary adenocarcinomas generally have a better prognosis, but little is known on optimal neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. New prognostic and treatment predictive biomarkers are needed for improved treatmen
Background Meniscus surgery is a high-volume surgery carried out on 1 million patients annually in the USA. The procedure is conducted on an outpatient basis and the patients leave the hospital a few hours after surgery. A critical oversight of previous studies is their failure to account for the type of meniscal tears. Meniscus tears can be categorised as traumatic or non-traumatic. Traumatic tea
Recovery of lost neurological function after stroke is limited and dependent on multiple mechanisms including inflammatory processes. Selective pharmacological modulation of inflammation might be a promising approach to improve stroke outcome. Methods: We used 1,1'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)] bis[1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane] (AMD3100), an antagonist to the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (
Abstract in Undetermined As a generalization of the commonly assumed Poisson distribution (PD) used to estimate the annual number of peaks over threshold in partial duration series (PDS) model, the negative binomial (NB) distribution is proposed in this study. Instead of generalized pareto distribution (GPD) and exponential distribution (ED) models popularly applied to predict the probability of t
In a world of rapid biodiversity loss, raptors are vulnerable due to their longevity and low reproductive rates. The red kite (Milvus milvus) is one of few migratory raptors breeding exclusively in Europe. It has previously experienced steep population declines caused mainly by persecution but mostly recovered, no longer classified as globally endangered. However, negative population trends persis
Examensarbetes titel: Övertidsmonstret dementerar: lev som du lär - En kvalitativ studie om förväntningars påverkan på ledarrollens självbild och Work Life Balance Seminariedatum: 11 januari 2023 Ämne/kurs: FEKH49 - Examensarbete i organisation på kandidatnivå, 15 högskolepoäng Författare: Tilde Detterholm & Jessica Lundqvist Handledare: Olof Hallonsten Fem nyckelord: Ledare, självbild, förvänTitle: The Overtime Monster Refutes: Live As You Learn - A qualitative study on the impact of expectations on leaders' self-image and Work Life Balance. Seminar date: January 11th, 2024 Course: FEKH49 - Degree Project Undergraduate level, Business Administration, Undergraduate level, 15 UPC Authors: Tilde Detterholm & Jessica Lundqvist Supervisor: Olof Hallonsten Keywords: Leader, self ima
Bedömningen av om det föreligger orsakssamband mellan gärningsmannens handlande och en följd är en fråga som mestadels har diskuterats i juridisk doktrin. Den 16 januari 2024 avkunnade HD dom i mål B 3014-23 och namngav den ”Dödsorsaken”. I domen diskuteras vilka krav som ställs på orsaksrekvisitet för att kunna avgöra om en person har orsakat ett döds-fall. HD konstaterar att det vid konkurrerandThe assessment on whether there is a causal link between the perpetrators actions and an effect is a question that mostly discussed in judicial litera-ture. Recently, The Supreme Court delivered a judgment with the case number B 3014-23 on January 16, 2024, regarding this matter. It was named “The Cause of Death”. In the judgement, the Supreme Court clari-fies how to handle competing and cooperati
Scania has always been susceptible to damages caused by storms along its coasts which also holds true for the east coast in Scania where there is a great need of coastal protection for households and infrastructure alike. One example is the Kivik waste water treatment plant (WWTP) which is a newly built establishment with glass windows situated 30 meters from the east coast and provides its servic
Under anaerobic condition the specific growth rate of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on different sugars, was analyzed using spectrophotometry. Electron acceptor (fructose) supported cells to cope with poor energy recovery by re-oxidising the NADH, thus enabling ATP formation thru acetate production, while fermenting glucose via the phosphoketolase pathway (PKP) and simultaneously operating via E
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses that have evolved over millions of years and are well-adapted to humans. Persistent infections with HPVs, can result in cancer development. There are over 200 different HPV types that can be divided into high- and low risk types based on their ability to cause cancer. HPV16 is the most common high- risk type that accounts for more than 50 % of al
Macrocyclic peptides (MCPs) are a promising drug modality for targeting protein–protein interactions, offering high selectivity, metabolic stability, and potential cell permeability. However, predicting their membrane permeability remains challenging due to their conformational flexibility, environment-dependent polarity, and ability to adopt chamaleonic behavior, e.g. by changing the number of in
Den svenska demografin förändras och antalet invånare äldre än 64 år väntas öka de kommande åren. Dessutom har urbaniseringen förändrats något, inte minst efter pandemin, då utflyttningen från storstäder till mindre orter ökat. Ökad flexibilitet i många yrken och delvis ändrade levnadsmönster har således resulterat i ett delvis minskat lägesberoende. Sammantaget står fastighetsmarknaden inför föräThe purpose of this study is to investigate what urban life really is and if (and in that case also how) urban life may be created and affected, primarily during the asset management phase. The study is conducted from the landowner’s perspective. Furthermore, the study aims at exploring what consequences and impact urban life has on the attractiveness and value of a place. The study is based on a
Sexualbrott är en brottstyp som präglas av betydande bevissvårigheter. I många fall saknas teknisk bevisning eller vittnesiakttagelser, vilket innebär att domstolens bedömning i hög grad vilar på parternas muntliga utsagor. Dessutom präglas sexualbrott av ett lågt lagföringsutfall och ett stort mörkertal, vilket gör rättsområdet särskilt angeläget att undersöka. Frågan är vad detta beror på, och hSexual offences are characterised by significant evidentiary challenges. In many cases, there is a lack of technical evidence or eyewitnesses, meaning that the court’s assessment largely relies on the parties’ oral statements. Combined with a low prosecution rate and a large number of unreported cases, this makes the legal area particularly important to examine. It raises questions about how credi
The Judiciary and the Zimbabwean Constitution Edited by James Tsabora The Judiciary and the Zimbabwean Constitution Edited by James Tsabora University of Zimbabwe Press Supported by: © University of Zimbabwe Press, 2022 Editor: James Tsabora (PhD) Assistant Editors: Professor Julie Stewart and Dr Innocent Maja Main Funding Organisation: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency through
https://rwi.lu.se/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/The-Judiciary-and-the-Zimbabwean-Constitution.pdf - 2026-07-07
The times they are a-changin’ – a letter to LTH's students Hoppa till huvudinnehåll Vi använder cookies och andra spårningsteknologier för att förbättra användarupplevelsen på vår webbplats, för att visa dig personligt innehåll och riktade annonser och för att analysera vår webbplatstrafik. Läs mer om cookies. Absolut nödvändiga cookies Dessa cookies är nödvändiga för att webbplatsen ska fungera o
https://www.lth.se/article/the-times-they-are-a-changin-a-letter-to-lths-students/ - 2026-07-07
Even though protonemal development of bryophytes has been well studied, it remains unknown whether interspecific competition among mosses species affects their early growth and development. This study evaluated the effects of interspecific competition on in vitro germination and gametophyte development between each pair-wise combination from six common moss species: Atrichum undulatum, Bryum argen
