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Background: Colorectal cancer screening programmes and uptake vary substantially across Europe. We aimed to compare changes over time in colorectal cancer incidence, mortality, and stage distribution in relation to colorectal cancer screening implementation in European countries. Methods: Data from nearly 3·1 million patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed from 2000 onwards (up to 2016 for most

Boreal forests and peatlands are globally significant carbon stores but they are threatened by rising air temperatures and changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of natural disturbances. Predicting how the boreal biome will respond to climate change depends on being able to accurately model and upscale the greenhouse gas fluxes between these ecosystems and the atmosphere. This thesis f

Apoptosis is an active process that plays a key role in many physiological and pathological conditions. One of the most important organelles involved in apoptosis regulation is the mitochondrion. An increase in intracellular Ca(2+) is a general mechanism of toxicity in neurons which occurs in response to different noxious stimuli like excitotoxicity and ischemia producing apoptotic and necrotic ce

Practitioners and scholars are increasingly aware that an array of new actors, communication technologies, agendas and expectations are changing the institution of diplomacy. How diplomatic actors are known and experienced through their representation assumes an increasingly important, and uncertain, role. This article argues that these changes to the field should be considered in terms of the shi

We report the first discovery since the 1970s of a new extant family (Aenigmatineidae fam.n.) of homoneurous moths, based on the small Aenigmatinea glatzella sp.n. from Kangaroo Island off southern Australia. It exhibits a combination of extraordinary anatomical characters, and, unlike most homoneurous moths, its larva is a conifer-feeder (stem mining in Callitris, Cupressaceae). While the adult's

We present a combined geomorphologic, multispectral, and geochemical analysis of crater floor rocks in Jezero crater based on data obtained by the Mast Camera Zoom and SuperCam instruments onboard the NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance rover. The combined data from this analysis together with the results of a comparative study with geologic sites on Earth allows us to interpret the origins of rocks expos

Purpose in life, which is a central component of the eudaimonic paradigm of well-being, has been sparsely examined in adolescence. This is unfortunate as adolescence is characterised by identity development and is a key period for the onset of mental disorders. To inform future research on well-being and purpose in life in adolescents, we drew factors from several fields of research, including men

A non-negligible part of the biological reactions in the activated sludge process for treatment of wastewater takes place in secondary settling tanks (SST) that follow biological reactors. It is therefore of interest to develop models of so-called reactive settling that describe the spatial variability of reaction rates caused by the variation of local concentration of biomass due to hindered sett

The paranormal has gone mainstream. Beliefs are on the rise, with almost half of the British population, and two thirds of Americans, claiming to believe in extra sensory perceptions and hauntings. Psychic magazines like Spirit and Destiny, television shows such as Fringe, Ghost Whisperer and Most Haunted, ghost-cams and e-poltergeists, bestselling books on mind, body and spirit, and magicians li

Homelessness became a conspicuous facet of Russian metropolitan cityscapes only in the 1990s, when the Soviet criminalization of ‘vagrancy’ and similar offences was abolished. This study investigates homelessness as a sociostructural phenomenon as well as an individually experienced life condition, with a focus on homeless people in St. Petersburg in 1999 onwards. To these men and women, homeless

Skolans behov av lokaler förändras ständigt i takt med att undervisningen behöver anpassa sig efter ny teknologi, nya krav och lärandemetoder. Dessutom så varierar antalet barn över åren vilket bidrar till att behovet av klassrum och utrymmen ökar eller minskar. För att möta dessa förändringar krävs flexibla och anpassningsbara skollokaler. Förr var den mesta undervisningen klassrumsbaserad med e

Uppsatsen behandlar frågorna angående vad skyldigheten som följer av R2P innebär och vem skyldigheten läggs på. Frågorna är viktiga för förståelsen och tillämpningen av R2P, oklarheter leder till att doktrinen blir svårtilläm-pad. R2P ska inte innebära en ny skyldighet, utan ska grunda sig på redan existerande internationell rätt. För att R2P ska få så stark effekt som möjligt bör den innebära en The essay discusses the questions concerning the responsibility that derives from R2P. The two main questions concern the meaning of the responsibil-ity and which actor has got the main responsibility. The questions are im-portant for the understanding of the application of R2P, because ambiguity leads to difficulties during application. R2P does not result in a new respon-sibility, it derives fro

The current market of financing mechanisms to support distributed solar energy within the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region is infant and as such has not been described or analysed appropriately. Within Morocco, Tunisia, Jordan and Egypt this research firstly identified and described the contextual background of these four countries and how they impact on financing mechanism deployment

Malaria är en av de tropiska sjukdomarna som utgör ett stort hälsoproblem i många delar av världen. Sjukdomen orsakas av en så kallad tropisk parasit av släkte Plasmodium och överförs till människor via mygghonan Anopheles. Den vanligaste och mest dödliga formen av sjukdomen orsakas av Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). Den förekommer i 104 länder där ca. 216 miljoner nya fall registreras årligen. Av des

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att skapa förståelse för medlemmarnas kommunikativa funktioner i ett oetablerat politiskt parti och hur dessa funktioner kan användas i partiets arbete med strategisk kommunikation. Vidare behandlar uppsatsen hur oetablerade partier kan arbeta och ta tillvara på de interna resurserna för att nå sina mål. Uppsatsen grundar sig i en fallstudie av det politiska partietThe aim of this study is to obtain greater understanding of the different functions that members can contribute to an unestablished political party, and how these functions can be seen as assets in the organization’s work with strategic communication. Furthermore, this study investigates how unestablished parties can seize the underlying resources for its purpose to reach the organizational goals.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att skapa förståelse för medlemmarnas kommunikativa funktioner i ett oetablerat politiskt parti och hur dessa funktioner kan användas i partiets arbete med strategisk kommunikation. Vidare behandlar uppsatsen hur oetablerade partier kan arbeta och ta tillvara på de interna resurserna för att nå sina mål. Uppsatsen grundar sig i en fallstudie av det politiska partietThe aim of this study is to obtain greater understanding of the different functions that members can contribute to an unestablished political party, and how these functions can be seen as assets in the organization’s work with strategic communication. Furthermore, this study investigates how unestablished parties can seize the underlying resources for its purpose to reach the organizational goals.

I FBL 3 kap. 1 och 5 §§ finns de allmänna lämplighetsvillkoren för en fastighet respektive de ekonomiska krav som ställs för jord – och skogsbruksfastigheter. Dessa villkor gäller vid ombildning eller nybildning av en fastighet och vid en servitutsåtgärd. Undantaget från dessa lämplighetsvillkor finns i FBL 3 kap. 9 § som säger att ”Fastighetsbildning får äga rum, även om fastighet som nybildas elIn the real property formation act 3 chap. 1 and 5 §§ you will find the general conditions of suitability for a property unit and the financial requirements for agricultural - and forestry property units. These conditions should be fulfilled in every conversion or the formation of a property unit and at an easement action. The exception to these conditions is in the real property formation act 3 c

Credit rating agencies’ influence on capital markets has been a highly debated topic in the last decades, as their power and impact have not been established with clarity. Different characteristics have been found especially between larger and smaller markets, which makes it interesting to investigate how the Nordic market as a smaller market reacts to credit changes. This study investigates how t