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OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential risk factors behind the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Swedish extremely preterm infants.DESIGN: Registry data from two population-based national cohorts were studied. NEC diagnoses (Bell stage ≥II) were validated against hospital records.PATIENTS: All liveborn infants <27 weeks of gestation 2004-2007 (n=704) and 2014-2016 (n=895) in S

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac abnormality, occurring in 1% to 2% of the general population. Adults with degenerative aortic valve (AV) disease have been shown to have an elliptical shaped AV annulus. The goal of this study was to investigate the shape of the aortic annulus in children with BAV, coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with or without BAV, and normal contr

Background: Stunting is one of the most serious and challenging public health problems in Ethiopia, which constitute a significant obstacle to achieving better child health outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with stunting among 6-12 years old children in Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 633 children

Background: Obesity is suggested to underlie development of other metabolic aberrations, but longitudinal relationships between metabolic factors at various ages has not been studied in detail. Methods: Data from 27,379 men and 32,275 women with in total 122,940 health examinations in the Västerbotten Intervention Project, Sweden and the Vorarlberg Health Monitoring and Prevention Programme, Austr

Background: Novel efficacious treatments with long-term tolerability are needed for transplant-ineligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. This phase 2 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of all-oral ixazomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (ICd) followed by single-agent ixazomib maintenance. Patients and methods: Patients were randomised (1:1) to receive 4.0 mg of ixazomib, 3

Background: Dark skin and low exposure to sunlight increase the risk of Vitamin D insufficiency in children. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the amount of Vitamin D needed to ascertain that most children > 4 y of age attain sufficient serum25-hydroxyVitamin D [S-25(OH)D; i.e.,≥50 nmol/L] during winter regardless of latitude and skin color. Design: In a longitudinal, double-blind, r

Purpose: To describe the use of assistive devices and postural asymmetries in lying, sitting and standing positions in adults with cerebral palsy, and to analyze postural asymmetries and any associations with their ability to maintain or change position and time in these positions. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from the Swedish Cerebral Palsy follow-up program of 1,547 adults aged

BACKGROUND: Meal-induced metabolic changes trigger an acute inflammatory response, contributing to chronic inflammation and associated diseases. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize variability in postprandial inflammatory responses using traditional (IL-6) and novel [glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA)] biomarkers of inflammation and dissect their biological determinants with a focus on postprandial

Even though floral scent is of major importance for pollinator attraction, it is less investigated than other floral traits. Previous studies suggest the importance of joint exploration of olfactory and visual floral cues to understand plant–pollinator interactions. We investigated flower scents in Collinsia heterophylla, a bee-pollinated, annual herb a with mixed-mating system combining self- and

Introduction: ECG-derived vectorcardiography (VCG) has diagnostic and prognostic value in various diseases. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic disease with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young persons. Genotype positive status is associated with increased risk of systolic dysfunction, heart failure, and (SCD). H

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is the most common cause of death in the world. People with intellectual disability (ID) have been reported to have high rates of both these disorders. The aim of this study was to describe and compare prevalence ratios of diabetes mellitus and hypertension between older adults with ID and their age p

Background: When discontinuation in COPD randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is unevenly distributed between treatments (differential dropout), the capacity to demonstrate treatment effects may be reduced. We investigated the impact of the time of differential dropout on exacerbation outcomes in RCTs, in relation to study duration and COPD severity. Methods: A post hoc analysis of 2,345 patients f

Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur gällande svensk rätt reglerar felaktiga uppsägningar som baseras på arbetsbrist utifrån det rättsläge som primärt praxis har lett fram till. Arbetet behandlar ämnet fingerad arbetsbrist och frågeställningen som diskuteras är om dagens praxis som berör fingerad arbetsbrist skyddar arbetstagare tillräckligt mycket. Fingerad arbetsbrist föreligger när en arThis report aims to investigate how current Swedish legislation regulates inaccurate dismissals based on labor shortage from the judicial position that has emerged from case law. The topic of fictitious labor shortage is addressed and the question discussed is if today’s case law concerning fictitious labor shortage is sufficient protection for the employee. Fictitious labor shortage exists when a

I jakten på förnyelsebara energikällor är solceller en av de mest lovande teknikerna. Idag dominerar kisel-solcellen marknaden men även den har begränsningar och därför är det motiverat att utveckla andra sorters solceller. En solcellsteknik på utvecklingsstadiet som försöker efterlikna fotosyntesen är Grätzelsolcellen. Precis som i fotosyntesen är det en färgämnesmolekyl i solcellen som ska absorIn the hunt for fossile-free energy-harvesting techniques, solar cells constitute one of the most promising techniques. Today, silicon-based solar cells are the dominant technique on the market but even the Silicon solar cell has limitations which means that there is a motivation for developing new solutions. One of those techniques is the dye-sensitized solar cell. Just as in photosynthesis, the

VAD SKA VI MED KYLTORN TILL? Vad skulle kyltorn kunna ha med Sveriges hållbarhetsmål att göra? Enorma mängder energi går åt till att kyla processer och det är inte helt osannolikt att den går till kyltorn. Att kyla med kyltorn är effektivt, men värmen är bortkastad till luften. Om man kunde göra något med energin skulle det kunna liknas med en outnyttjad guldåder. Sverige följer åtagandet i AgendAchieving a sustainable Swedish industry will require better utilization of resources already available and already spent. Nationally, vast amounts of heat are released into the atmosphere and not made use of. If only a fraction of this energy could be exploited, the path to net zero emission society by 2045 would be thousands of tons worth of CO2 closer. In Sweden, 25% of excess heat delivered to

OBJECTIVE-FTO is the most important polygene identified for obesity. We aimed to investigate whether a variant in FTO affects type 2 diabetes risk entirely through its effect on BMI and how FTO) influences BMI across adult life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Through regression models, we assessed the relationship between the FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms rs9939609, type 2 diabetes, and BM

We report on the multi-wavelength observations of PKS 1510-089 (a flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) at z = 0.361) during its high activity period between 2008 September and 2009 June. During this 11 month period, the source was characterized by a complex variability at optical, UV, and gamma-ray bands, on timescales down to 6-12 hr. The brightest gamma-ray isotropic luminosity, recorded on 2009 Ma

Introduction: Human body acceleration is often used as an indicator of daily physical activity in epidemiological research. Raw acceleration signals contain three basic components: movement, gravity, and noise. Separation of these becomes increasingly difficult during rotational movements. We aimed to evaluate five different methods (metrics) of processing acceleration signals on their ability to

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förmaksflimmer är den vanligaste rytmrubbningen i hjärtat. Man beräknar att 1-2% av befolkningen har förmaksflimmer. Förmaksflimmer blir vanligare med stigande ålder. Bland personer äldre än 75 år har 5-10% förmaksflimmer. Var fjärde person över 40 år riskerar att drabbas av förmaksflimmer någon gång i livet. Förmaksflimmer ger bl.a. en ökad risk för blodproppar och strAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in the general population, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Low-grade inflammation, erythrocyte volume variation, and subclinical atherosclerosis have repeatedly been associated with cardiovascular disease, but it remains unclear whether these risk factors are also associated with incident AF. This thesis is bas

The purpose of this thesis was to deepen the understanding of recovery during the workday and its importance for employee health. Workplace intervention as a tool to promote employees’ experience of recovery was also evauated.The studies were carried out in a primary health care setting in one health care district in Sweden between 2013 and 2019, together with the employees working at the 26 parti