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Denna uppsats undersöker de sedvanerättsliga reglerna om immunitet för statschefer och andra högt uppsatta statsrepresentanter. Syftet är att göra en övergripande kartläggning av reglernas innehåll som möjliggör korrekt rättstillämpning i framtiden. Genom att granska konventioner, kodifieringar, rättsfall och doktrin om ämnet, samt genom att undersöka det pågående kodifikationsarbetet, kartläggs rThis essay examines the rules of immunity for heads of state and other high-ranking state officials under international law. The aim is to create a comprehensive outline of the content of the rules, enabling a more accurate and legal-ly sound practice in the future. Through reviewing conventions, codifications, legal cases and legal doctrine on the subject, and through examining the current codi

In 2012 physicist Peter W. Higgins formulated a theory about elementary particles that can be created out of nothing. If these particles are exposed to extremely high speeds, friction arises which forces a new particle to form, a so-called Higgs boson. Based on two elementary particles, you can create a new mass; matter which was not there from the beginning. In the media, the Higgs boson was nick

Syftet med detta arbete har varit att utvärdera brandskyddet med hänsyn till personsäkerheten i Lunds domkyrka och att ta fram eventuella åtgärder utifrån resultatet av simuleringar och handberäkningar som utförts. Lunds domkyrka är belägen i centrala Lund och byggnaden har ett högt historiskt värde. Domkyrkan är ett populärt turistmål och över 700 000 personer kommer hit varje år för att besökaThis report is a fire safety evaluation of Lund Cathedral, situated in central Lund. The purpose of the evaluation is to analyze the personal safety of the visitors, in case of evacuation due to fire. A risk analysis on possible scenarios was performed and from the analysis the worst credible scenarios were chosen to investigate further. These scenarios were: • Scenario A- Fire in the astronomi

Waste generation is rapidly increasing globally, estimating that 11 billion tonnes of solid waste is produced every year. Cities and urban areas generate large and concentrated waste flows due to the density and multitude of inhabitants. Both waste and how we choose to treat it creates negative impacts on natural, economic and societal systems, both globally and locally. Greenhouse gas emissions,

Anion exchange membranes consisting of a Poly(phenylene oxide) polymer backbone functionalized with various imidazolium cations, 1-methylimidazole, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-1H-imidazole, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, 1-methylbenzimidazole and 1-methyl-mesitylbenzimidazole, via alkyl spacer units were prepared and analyzed for anion conductivity, water absorption properties, cation aggregation, thermal stabil

Vid brott mot barn och då barn står som vittne saknas ofta andra vittnen och annan teknisk bevisning. Här ställs inte bara krav på domstolarnas kompetens utan även den psykologiska kunskapen vid utredningar då barnets utsaga kan vara den enda bevisningen att tillgå. Det är av oerhörd vikt att alla aktörer inom rättsväsendet besitter kunskap att genomföra en korrekt bedömning i det enskilda fallet.When it comes to crime against children the child is often the only witness and other evidence are not existing. In these cases, it’s not only the courts´ legal competence that is put to the test, but also their psychological ability of how to handle a case where a child is the only one with a statement. It is important that everyone in the legal system has this knowledge so that they can make a c

Skatteflyktslagen är ett viktigt redskap i lagstiftarens kamp mot skatteförmåner som åtnjutits genom att kringgå ordinarie skattelagstiftning. Skatteflyktsförfarande kan innefatta gränsöverskridande rättshandlingar till andra medlemsstater inom EU. Att tillämpa skatteflyktslagen i de situationerna måste då göras i enlighet med EU-rätten och de fördragsfriheter som säkerställer en fri inre marknad.The Swedish tax evasion law is an important tool in the legislator’s struggle against tax advantages gained by avoiding primary tax law. The arrangements made to avoid tax sometimes involve cross-border legal transactions within the EU. If the tax evasion law is to be applied in those situations the law must be in compliance with EU-law and the treaty freedoms that ensures a free internal market.

This report describes the development and design of a new concept for a lifting device in Tetra Pak’s R1 filling line. It is important that the problems and challenges with the current design, the Tetra Pak R1 Elevator, is fathomed to get a better understanding of what was aimed to achieve in this thesis and why. The purpose of the Tetra Pak R1 filling line is to automatically fold, fill and seal

Att vara ett offer för människohandel (trafficking) genom prostitution eller annan sexuell exploatering innebär att offret utsätts för uppenbara kränkningar av sina mänskliga rättigheter i form av våldtäkt, fysiskt våld, tvångsprostitution och sexuellt slavarbete. Efter att ha undkommit sin fångenskap är offret i stort behov av socialt och medicinskt stöd. Utöver detta kan det finnas ett stort beh

This thesis purpose is to look at British media’s coverage of Chinese developmental involvement in Africa, particularly at how the most-read newspapers in the UK have written about the situation, and how they have used media framing when reporting on it. As media can have an enormous impact on people’s perception of certain situations, this paper’s aim is to analyse the media discourse and offer a

Sommaren 2018 var ett rekordvarmt år, och en markant ökning på solkurvor konstaterades av Trafikverket. Det finns flera orsaker till varför en solkurva uppstår, förutom den ökade temperaturen. När en solkurva bildas dras slutsatsen i många fall att anledningen endast är hög temperatur och vidare undersökningar utesluts direkt. Detta examensarbete består till stor del av en litteraturstudie som bThe summer of 2018 was a hot year, a significant increase of sun curves was observed by Trafikverket. There are several reasons why a sun curve occurs, in addition to the high temperature. When a sun curve is formed, the conclusion is drawn in many cases that the reason was heat and no further investigations are made. The project consists a literature study that explains the physical theory, fac

Reducing inequality is number 10 of the United Nations sustainable development goals. Inequality in society affect economic growth, development and poverty reduction, and through these indirectly affect environmental degradation, food security and other major problems facing society today. Analyzing the temporal and spatial dynamics of economic inequality requires comparable data on finer scales.

In recent years, digital technologies provided new affordances for movement leaders as communication strategies in political protests in order to advance democratisation processes, especially in less developed countries. In Ethiopia, numerous protests have been taken place lately, which were mainly organised along ethnic lines on the basis of nationalist sentiments. Political activists in Tigray,

Syftet med föreliggande masteruppsats är att redogöra för och analysera rätten att vidta stridsåtgärder samt föreningsfrihet, i synnerhet i situationer då arbetsgivaren redan är bunden av kollektivavtal. I huvudsak kommer tre perspektiv att tillämpas; ett internationellt, ett nationellt samt ett med användande av den pågående konflikten i Göteborgs hamn. För att uppnå syftet har en rättsdogmatisk The aim of the thesis is to analyse the right to undertake industrial actions and freedom of association, especially in the case where a collective agreement already is in place. The thesis applies mainly three perspectives: a national, an international and lastly one with the concrete use of the ongoing conflict in the port of Gothenburg. To achieve the aim a legal dogmatic method is applied. T

Hållbarhetsfrågor har under de senaste åren beretts allt större utrymme i samhällsdebatten, från att tidigare ha reglerats uteslutande genom soft law har nu bindande reglering börjat tillkomma på området. Genom inrättandet av FN:s Agenda 2030, den nya taxonomiförordningen samt regler om hållbarhetsrapportering är förhoppningen att en vidsträckt transparens kring företagens hållbarhetsarbete kommerIssues regarding sustainability have in recent years gained increasing importance in the public debate. From having previously been regulated exclusively through soft law, binding regulations have now also been established within the sustainability framework. With the launch of the UN Agenda 2030, the Taxonomy Regulation and new EU laws on sustainability reporting, the hope is that greater transpa

Platssamverkan aktualiserar en rad aktuella ämnen, såsom arbete med social hållbarhet, segregation och gentrifiering. Polisens lista över utsatta områden påverkar ett område, och det är något som fastighetsägare måste ta ställning till. Många fastighetsbolag arbetar med platssamverkan men ännu finns inte mycket forskning på vilka effekter frivilliga former av samverkan har och hur fastighetsbolag Place-based collaboration raises various contemporary issues, including efforts towards social sustainability, rising segregation, and gentrification. The Swedish police's identification of vulnerable areas impacts localities, prompting property owners to respond. While many property companies engage in collaboration, research on the effects of voluntary collaboration and the diverse approache

Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges at the present time and is currently an issue affecting the entire global population. Alternative renewable energy sources are vital to be able to deal with this challenge. Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources and is therefore also one of the fastest growing industries in this field. However, solar energy

Since the early days of industrialisation the economy has been characterised by a linear model of resource consumption. The linear consumption follows a take- make-dispose pattern that put pressure on our natural ecosystems to meet the world’s resource demand, which results in rising prices of natural resources. It is necessary with a transition to a sustainable resource use. Collaborative consump

Climate change is a long-term challenge that requires urgent actions. An increased amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, causing changes in the climate system such as melting glaciers and extreme weather conditions, are correlated to economic growth. To mitigate climate change, there is a need to evolve efficient strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from companies within all branc