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This thesis demonstrates the usefulness of sedimentary pigments as biomarkers of environmental change in estuarine systems and as biomarkers in lakes in relation to climate change. These are two fields where sediment pigment records as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are emerging areas of study. A detailed study was undertaken to examine the effects of different storage o
Abstract To estimate the timescale of hepatitis B virus (HBV) evolutionary history and analyzing its phylogeographic patterns, publically available HBV sequences were collected from GenBank. Among those, 412 sequences were from genotype A and 566 sequences were from genotype D. These sequences comprised the entire genome and represented samples obtained between 1982 and 2009 from different parts
Ted's space adventure | Vattenhallen Science Center Skip to main content This site uses cookies to enhance the user experience. By continuing to use the site you agree that cookies are used according to our Cookie Policy (on the website of LTH) . Essential cookies These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be turned off in our systems. These cookies do not store any persona
https://www.vattenhallen.lu.se/english/the-planetarium/shows-in-english/teds-space-adventure/ - 2026-07-21
Methane is one of the most important greenhouse gases, and the Arctic region plays an important role in its dynamics. Due to limited observations in this remote and often harsh environments, large uncertainties surround the role of the Arctic region in a warming climate. In this thesis, I examine the performance of the three low-cost solid state sensors, Figaro sensors TGS2600-B00, TGS2611-C00 an
Reliable information on solar activity over the Holocene period is important to predict the Sun in the future and to understand the mechanism behind the Sun-climate linkage. Presently, there are discrepancies in the proxy data of solar activity due to reasons that are not yet understood. This leads to major uncertainties in Holocene solar reconstructions. This PhD project aims to improve the Holoc
The effects of data uncertainty in applications of the critical loads concept were investigated on different spatial resolutions in Sweden and northern Czech Republic. Critical loads of acidity (CL) were calculated for Sweden using the biogeochemical model PROFILE. Three methods with different structural complexity were used to estimate the adverse effects of SO2 concentrations in northern Czech R
Procedural sedation and analgesia outside the operating theater have become standard care in managing pain and anxiety in children undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The objectives of this study are to describe the current pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia practice patterns in European emergency departments, to perform a needs assessment-like analysis, and to identify barr
The active site of sulfite reductase (SiR) consists of an unusual siroheme–Fe4S4 assembly coupled via a cysteinate sulfur, and serves for multi-electron reduction reactions. Clear explanations have not been demonstrated for the reasons behind the choice of siroheme (vs. other types of heme) or for the single-atom coupling to an Fe4S4 center (as opposed to simple adjacency or to coupling via chains
Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer, cancer i bukspottkörteln, är den fjärde vanligaste orsaken till död i cancer och årligen insjuknar cirka 1000 patienter i Sverige. Överlevnaden är kort med en 5-årsöverlevnad på endast 6 procent. Pankreascancer orsakar, förutom lidande, också betydande kostnader för såväl den medicinska vården, som förluster för samhället, exempelvis i form av förtida döBackground: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Only about 6% of patients are alive 5 years after diagnosis. One reason for this low survival rate is that most patients are diagnosed at a late stage, when the tumor has spread to surrounding tissues or distant organs. Less than 20% of cases are diagnosed at an early stage that allows them to undergo potentially cu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Elakartade (maligna) blodsjukdomar uppstår i den blodbildande benmärgen, vilken är innesluten i hålrummen i de skelettdelar som kan sägas täckas av en badmössa och en gammaldags baddräkt. En av de celltyper som bildas i benmärgen är plasmacellen, en vit blodkropp som utgör mindre än 2% av benmärgscellerna och som tillverkar specifika antikroppar vid infektioner. Vid monAcquired genetic changes have proved to be of diagnostic and prognostic importance in different hematologic malignancies as well as in some solid tumor types. However, although multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable disease, and its proceeding stage monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are quite common, little is known about the karyotypic features of these plasma cell dyscrasias
Transplantation of embryonic dopaminergic neurones can ameliorate symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, but a major obstacle for clinical transplantations to overcome is the low survival (typically 5-10%) of implanted nigral neurones. If cell death in nigral grafts can be prevented, less embryonic tissue would be needed per transplantation session and hence more patients could receive intracerebral gra
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos västerländska kvinnor. I Sverige kommer var tionde kvinna att drabbas av bröstcancer, vilket motsvarar drygt 5000 kvinnor om året. Dödligheten i bröstcancer är 30%. Detta innebär att en tredjedel av de som drabbas kommer att dö av sin sjukdom. Det är dock inte själva tumören i bröstet som dödar eftersom denna i princip alltBreast cancer is one of the most common cancer forms in the industrialized world. Only in Sweden, nearly 6000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year and 1/3 of them eventually succumb to the disease. Wnts are a family of genes that have been implicated in many human tumours, so far mainly studied in colorectal cancer where activated Wnt signalling occurs in a vast majority of tumours. Wh
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bukspottkörteln, pancreas, är ett viktigt organ för ämnesomsättningen. Dess viktigaste funktioner är att tillverka enzymer och bikarbonat som utsöndras till tolvfingertarmen, duodenum samt hormoner som utsöndras till blodbanan. De viktigaste enzymerna är amylas som bryter ned olika sockerarter och stärkelse, lipas som bryter ned fett och trypsin som bryter ned proteinerThe pancreas is a central organ in the digestion of food as well as in glucose metabolism. Its two major functions are exocrine and endocrine secretion. These are meticulously regulated processes that depend on hormonal response to gastrointestinal contents and blood glucose levels through feedback mechanisms, but also to the status of pancreas in health and diseases. The present thesis aimed at f
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi kommer dagligen i kontakt med läkemedel i olika former, antingen som den kräm som vi smörjer in vårt onda knä eller Treon somliga tar på söndagsmorgon. Många av dessa produkter kan se enkla ut men är ofta resultatet av mycket forskning och för att förstå hur arbetet som utgör den här avhandlingen är kopplat till en Treo, så tänkte jag att vi ska börja med att förklarAn important issue within the pharmaceutical world today is the increasing number of poorly soluble drugs. These often show a low bioavailability and a susceptibility to varying conditions in the intestine. Hydrophobically modified poly (acrylic acid) (HMPAA), commercially available as Pemulen TR2, has shown promising abilities to control the release of especially poorly soluble substances. In thi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad är det för något i human mjölk som dödar cancer celler? Kan “fel” veckade proteiner vara nyttiga? Kan fett vara inblandat i protein veckning? Det är några av frågorna som tas upp i denna avhandling. Allt levande består av proteiner som i sin tur är uppbyggda av amino syror. Det finns 20 st. olika amino syror som på olika sätt kan länkas samman till proteinkedjor. DBy varying its secondary or tertiary structure a single protein can attain new biological functions. The amyloid forming proteins are the best known examples where a change in conformation leads to the formation of amyloid fibrils that accumulate in tissues and cause disease. a-lactalbumin in contrast, is an example of a protein that acquires a beneficial function when the conformation is altered
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling presenteras fyra nya metoder för att automatiskt mäta hjärtats förmåga att pumpa ut blod i kroppen, mäta storleken på en hjärtinfarkt samt mäta hur stor del av hjärtmuskeln som riskerade att dö vid hjärtinfarkten. Dessa nya metoder kan användas för att minska skillnader mellan mätningar gjorda av olika läkare, på olika sjukhus och i olika forskargruppIn this thesis four new algorithms are presented for automatic segmentation in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR); automatic segmentation of the left ventricle, myocardial infarction, and myocardium at risk in two different image types. All four algorithms were implemented in freely available software for image analysis and were validated against reference delineations with a low bias and hig
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hos människan lever en rad mikroorganismer som tillsammans utgör normalfloran. Normalfloran återfinns på alla kroppsytor, det vill säga huden och slemhinnorna i munnen, svalget, magsäcken, tunn- och tjocktarmen, vagina och urinrörsmynningen. Samspelet mellan människokroppen och mikroorganismerna utsätts dagligen för påfrestningar. En sådan naturlig påfrestning är de sjuThis thesis is concerned with a family of bacterial surface proteins expressed by different strains of the anaerobic Gram-positive, commensal and human pathogen Peptostreptococcus magnus. These proteins have been studied with respect to their role in virulence, function, structure, and evolution. Strains isolated from patients with vaginosis have previously been shown to be associated with express
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cellerna I vårt immunförsvar hjälper oss att eliminera olika typer av infektioner orsakade av parasiter, bakterier och virus. Ibland klarar dessa celler även av att ta bort tumörceller, kroppsegna celler som börjat att dela på sig okontrollerbart. Det måste betyda att cellerna i immunförsvaret kan se skillnad på kroppsegna celler och främmande celler och strukturer (antThe present study deals with natural killer (NK) T cells restricted to the antigen presenting molecule CD1d. NKT cells have been suggested to play a role in many diverse immunological situations such as clearance of different pathogens, protection against certain tumors, regulation of autoimmune reactions and as a link between innate and adaptive immune responses. NKT cells are in many respects un
Hjärntumör inklusive glioblastom.Glioblastom är den vanligaste sortens hjärntumör bland vuxna och samtidigt den mest elakartade. Glioblastom drabbar cirka 550 personer årligen i Sverige. När tumören upptäcks är behandlingen först operation för exakt diagnos och med syfte att avlägsna så mycket som det går av tumören, utan att orsaka skada för patienten, annars görs en diagnostisk biopsi. StandardAbstractBackground: Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Operation with maximal resection, if feasible, otherwise biopsy followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide is standard therapy. The prognosis remains poor, with median overall survival being 15 months despite therapy. Improved monitoring and treatment response assessment will be important when seeking to im
Sedan 1970-talet har antalet rapporterade cancerfall dubblerats, dels på grund av förändrade levnadsvanor och dels på grund av bättre screeningmetoder som upptäcker cancern i tidigt skede. Tidig upptäckt av cancern i kombination med utvecklad cancerbehandling har bidragit till att risken för att avlida av cancer har minskat. Cancerbehandling sker huvudsakligen genom operation, strålbehandling elle
