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Abstract Since the late 1970’s, China has rapidly increased its exports of industrial products and inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) through the use of special economic areas (SEA), which offer special benefits to foreign investors and export producers. Common criticism against these SEAs, usually states that these areas show persistent low-standard working conditions and wages to remain c
Flera olika synsätt på rättskraftens omfattning har genom historien presenterats. Traditionellt sett har ett samband mellan rättskraften i 17 kap. 11 § Rättegångsbalken (RB) och 13 kap. 3 § st. 3 RB, taleändringsregeln, utpekats. Genom Högsta domstolens avgöranden har rättskraften utvidgats och rättsläget börjat klarna. Denna uppsats syftar till att dels undersöka rättskraftens omfattning närmre, Several different opinions on the scope of res judicata have been presented throughout history. Traditionally a connection between res judicata in chapter 17, article 11 of the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (RB) and the rule of amendment in chapter 13, article 3, paragraph 3 RB has been pointed out. Through the rulings of the Supreme Court the scope of res judicata has been expanded and its d
The industrial sector in Sweden accounted for 38 percent of the country’s total energy consumption in 2019. As the world’s focus has shifted drastically on energy consumption, the industry sector’s has as well due to energy initiatives and government-driven regulations. The energy issue is currently of great relevance for energy-intensive industries where enormous potential remains due to factors
Predicted responses of transpiration to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) are highly variable amongst process-based models. To better understand and constrain this variability amongst models, we conducted an intercomparison of 11 ecosystem models applied to data from two forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments at Duke University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We analysed
The Swedish transport administration (Trafikverket) uses turnkey contracts as a tool in their work with the assignment from the Swedish government to increase innovation and productivity in the construction sector which railway is included in. Qualitative interviews of the three different actors: clients (Trafikverket), constructors and consults have been made for the study. This is to get a pictu
När någon går bort försvinner inte det den avlidne efterlämnar sig automatiskt. Ett dödsbo bildas som omfattar den avlidnes tillgångar och skulder. Normalt sett kommer dödsboet att förvaltas av dödsbodelägarna, det vill säga de som på något sätt kommer ha del av det som ingår i dödsboet genom arv eller genom testamente. Det ska eventuellt göras en bodelning mellan efterlevande make och dödsboet. DWhen a person passes away, an estate takes form which includes all the deceased’s assets and liabilities. Normally the estate is being taken care of by the parties to the estate. The parties to the estate is everyone who has a rightful claim on the estate, either by heritage according to Swedish law or according to a will from the deceased. Sometimes a division of the joint property between the sp
Understanding the mechanisms of complex polygenic diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) is as complex as their nature. Cellular processes involved in glucose homeostasis need high and reliable energy supply. Mitochondria are the major energy producers in mammalian cells. Since majority of the mitochondrial genes are encoded by the nuclear genome, a tightly regulated and coordinated nuclear-mitochond
Thesis Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the effect of informal communication strategies on brand trust from a consumer perspective. Additionally, it aims to further conceptualize brand communication strategies on social media. Methodology: This inductive study applied a qualitative research strategy to obtain an in-depth understanding of consumers’ feeling of brand trust on soci
Till följd av att barnkonventionen tillträdde som svensk lag har domstolen en skyldighet att utöver rättegångsbalkens bestämmelser tillämpa barnkonventionens bestämmelser vid mål som rör barn. Vid inkorporeringen av konventionen uttryckte flera remissinstanser kritik mot att förarbetena till lagen inte gav något underlag för tolkning av de enskilda artiklarna samt att lösningar på eventuella normkAs a consequence of the incorporation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) into Swedish law, courts are obliged to apply the UNCRC in provision to the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure when children are parties or otherwise involved. Several referral bodies expressed criticism that the Swedish government in their preparatory work provided no guidance on how the individual articles
Bakgrund: Samverkan: Samverkansprojekt blir allt mer och mer vanligt för större infrastrukturprojekt i Sverige. I ett samverkansprojekt samarbetar de olika aktörerna för att tillsammans arbeta fram till ett gemensamt mål och dessa projekt har flera fördelar, bland annat ökad transparens och ofta högre kvalitet. Ett sådant projekt är en tillfällig organisation som måste vara flexibel och anpassnin
All languages borrow words from other languages. Some languages are more prone to borrowing, while others borrow less, and different domains of the vocabulary are unequally susceptible to borrowing. Languages typically borrow words when a new concept is introduced, but languages may also borrow a new word for an already existing concept. Linguists describe two causalities for borrowing: need, i.e.
Infrastructure barriers and high costs of alternative sustainable fuels constrain the global logistics sector's transition to decarbonization. This research investigates how logistics providers establish institutional trust in the 'Book and Claim' service, where the environmental benefits of sustainable fuels are spatially decoupled from the physical transport of goods. Because corpora
Popular Abstract in Swedish När vi äter kolhydrater, fett, protein och andra näringsämnen sker kemiska reaktioner i kroppen som kan liknas vid dom som sker när man eldar en brasa. Vid förbränning reagerar kolhydrater med syre och bildar koldioxid och vatten. Denna förbränning frigör den energi som funnits lagrad i kolhydraterna, i brasan i form av värme, och i kroppens celler omvandlas den till keNADH:quinone oxidoreductase, or complex I, is a large, complex and poorly understood bioenergetic enzyme in the respiratory chain of living organisms. The enzyme has a conserved core structure, comprising fourteen protein subunits: Seven subunits protrude from the membrane and contain a flavin prosthetic group and eight iron-sulfur clusters that guide electrons from the oxidation of NADH towards t
Under årens lopp har människan gjort stora landvinningar inom läkemedelsforskning, vilket har lett fram till avancerade läkemedel som idag tas för givna. Avancerade läkemedel sätter dock höga krav på tillverkarna av läkemedel, vilket har lett till att framtagandet av nya läkemedel är en ganska komplicerad process. Faktum är att dagens läkemedelsutveckling är så komplex att alla aspekter förmodligePopular Abstract in Swedish Under årens lopp har människan gjort stora landvinningar inom läkemedelsforskning, vilket har lett fram till avancerade läkemedel som idag tas för givna. Avancerade läkemedel sätter dock höga krav på tillverkarna av läkemedel, vilket har lett till att framtagandet av nya läkemedel är en ganska komplicerad process. Faktum är att dagens läkemedelsutveckling är så komplex
Extensive diversity has been identified in the human heavy chain immunoglobulin locus, including allelic variation, gene duplication, and insertion/deletion events. Several genes have been suggested to be deleted in many haplotypes. Such findings have commonly been based on inference of the germline repertoire from data sets covering antibody heavy chain encoding transcripts. The inference process
The steel industry emits 2,400–2,713 Mt CO2 and 12 Mt of fugitive methane globally each year, yet progress towards decarbonization has been limited. In this Review, we examine the potential, feasibility and barriers to decarbonization of the steel sector. The blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) accounts for ~72% of global steel production and has the highest carbon emission intensity of ex
We present a fabrication scheme of contacting arrays of vertically standing nanowires (NW) for LEDs (Duan et al. Nature 409:66–69, 2001), photodetectors (Wang et al. Science (NY) 293:1455–1457, 2001) or solar cell applications (Wallentin et al. Science (NY) 339:1057–1060, 2013). Samples were prepared by depositing Au films using nano-imprint lithography (Ma rtensson et al. Nano Lett 4:699–702, 200
Background: Differences in stroke care and health outcomes between men and women are debated. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between patients' sex and post-stroke health outcomes and received care in a Swedish setting. Methods: Patients with a registered diagnosis of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or ischemic stroke (IS) within regional administrative systems (IC
Mechanisms of the aerosol indirect effects (AIEs) from ice nucleating particles (INPs) are investigated with the cloud-resolving “aerosol–cloud” (AC) model with a hybrid bin–bulk microphysics scheme coupled with a radiation scheme in 1) continental deep convection observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) over Oklahoma and 2) supercooled stratiform clouds obse
A long-standing question in evolutionary biology is how historical biogeographic processes have shaped the current diversity of organisms, especially for highly diverse groups. We study the diversification dynamics and biogeographic processes of one of the most diverse families of Lepidoptera, Geometridae, with over 24,000 described species and a worldwide distribution. Despite the cosmopolitan di
