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Background and problem: In October 2010 the European Commission issued a Green Paper on Audit Policy in which they set out to draw lessons of the auditors’ role in the recent financial crisis. The European Commission considers the function of the audit to be a key contributor to investor confidence and suggests a number of controversial measures with the aim of ensuring financial stability in the

Land-use and land-cover (LUC) changes are a key uncertainty when attributing changes in measured atmospheric CO2 concentration to its sinks and sources and must also be much better understood to determine the possibilities for land-based climate change mitigation, especially in the light of human demand on other land-based resources. On the spatial scale typically used in terrestrial ecosystem mod

B cells are essential cells that are part of the adaptive immune system with the capacity to produce antibodies against exogenous antigens. These cells are produced through a process called hematopoiesis, tightly regulated by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Among these, tyrosine kinase receptors and their cytokines have been shown to have an important role in adult lymphopoiesis regulation. Howev

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning(Summary in Swedish)Hjärnskada som orsakas av olyckor är en vanlig orsak till både handikapp och död bland vuxna. För 30 år sedan var majoriteten av de som drabbades yngre eller väldigt gamla. Ålderssammansättningen av de som drabbas har skiftat under de senaste 20 åren och nu är det ungefär lika vanligt i alla åldrar. Dessutom är den vanligaste olycksorsaken inte

The tumor microenvironment consists of several interacting cell types. Cancer research focssed mainly on the malignant cell in the past. The importance of the tumor microenvironment is increasingly appreciated, as endothelial cells and immune cells were identified as targets for anti-tumor therapy. Targeted therapy against cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are not in clinical use for the treatm

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous blood disease which is characterized by different mutations and chromosomal rearrangements. Nearly 60% of genetic alterations have been found in AML patients involve in signaling pathways including signaling of tyrosine kinase receptor FLT3. FLT3 mutations emerged as one of the most common mutations in AML which represent around 35% of all AML

Inflammatory airway diseases and lower respiratory tract infections are leading causes of severe illness, disability and death worldwide. Much of today´s hypotheses about the underlying inflammatory processes and pathogenic contribution by immune cells come from in vitro experiments or animal models. As a consequence, our knowledge of the actual immunopathological events in real patient tissues is

Abstract Title: Should Cost Reviews and Supply Chain Integration: A Case Study at ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems Author: Andrew Cardinali Supervisors: Henrik Wallström - Ph. D., Candidate Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University Mats Johnsson - Ph.D., Associate Professor Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences Faculty of Engineeri

Behandlingen av personuppgifter har i takt med den tekniska utvecklingen intensifierats. Personlig information samlas in i stor omfattning av kommersiella aktörer, inte sällan med syftet att kartlägga individers digitala beteenden. Hanteringen av personuppgifter är emellertid förenad med risken för att individens integritetsskydd åsidosätts och för att unionsmedborgarna ska tillförsäkras ett perso

Stockholms stad äger stor del av marken i Stockholms kommun. När byggherrar vill bygga bostäder tecknar Stockholms stad och byggherrarna ett markanvisningsavtal. Vid tecknade av markanvisningsavtalet bestäms priset för marken men förvärvet genomförs först när fastigheten tillträds. Tillträdet sker vanligtvis efter två till tre år, då detaljplaneprocessen är klar, men ibland tar det längre tid. StoStockholm stad owns a large part of the land in Stockholm. When developers wants to build houses, Stockholm stad and the developer sign a land allocation agreement. When the land allocation agreement is signed, the price is determined for the land, but the purchase will take place when the developer gets access to the land. Access usually occurs after two to three years, when the detailed developm

Det är inte förrän på senare tid som brottsoffrets intressen och behov uppmärksammats i den samhälleliga, politiska och juridiska debatten. I samband med det viktimologiska perspektivets genomslag har medvetenheten ökat kring att våldsutsatta brottsoffer inte bara drabbas av direkta fysiska skador, utan också ingripande psykiska sådana. Detta har i sin tur bidragit till en skärpt syn på allvarligaInterests and needs of victims of crime have not until recently been a focus of societal, political or legal debate. As the victimological perspective gained impact, the awareness has likewise increased concerning violent crimes and their extensive psychological effects on victims. This, in turn, has contributed to an increased societal condemnation of serious violent crimes. The essay intend to

Electrification of energy demand is seen as one of the key elements of energy transition toward decarbonisation. E-mobility is one main side of the electrification process, and it is considered as a crucial way to reduce the emissions of the transport sector. A core element for a widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is the deployment of the charging infrastructure, and installing a micro

Runt om i världen pågår en omställning av energisystem på internationell, nationell och regional nivå av en omfattning som inte noterats på många årtionden. Omställningen innebär i första hand en övergång från fossila, icke förnybara energikällor till fossilfria, förnybara sådana med huvudsakligt syfte att begränsa de antropologiska klimatförändringarna och andra negativa effekter på miljön. Den fAll around the world, energy systems are transforming at the international, national and regional level and at a rate not seen for many decades. This transformation primarily involves a transition away from fossil, non-renewable energy sources and to fossil-free, renewable ones with the primary purpose of halting the process of anthropological climate change and limiting other adverse effects on t

En utvärdering av design- och isoleringsaspekter för högtemperatursvärmelager i berg är en av nycklarna till en mer hållbar framtida energiförsörjning. Men värmelagringsförmåga såväl som ekonomisk potential behöver analyseras. I en värld kämpande mot klimatförändringar, krävs stora kraftsamlingar för att en framtida hållbarhet skall vara uppnåbar. Centralt för detta ligger minskning av koldioxiduThermal energy storage is a growing concept within the sector of energy production. The concept is based on storage of excess thermal energy, for usage during high demand, as a mean of reducing the need for new production. By implementing thermal storage economic and environmental gains can be made as production can be kept more constant over time and less energy is wasted, furthermore the storage

The concept of sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS) is increasingly recognised as a valuable approach to flood risk mitigation and urban landscape planning. Many European cities are considering integrating SuDS features to their stormwater management practices. More frequent weather events and water quality issues have emerged among the main drivers to advance the discussion on innovative way

Background: Within research, it has been stated that transportation cost is a large part of logistics cost which is a large contributor to supply chain costs. To reduce transportation cost, choosing the appropriate transportation mode is an important decision both on a strategic and tactical level. There are several models and approaches when choosing transportation mode, including several factors

Lately, there has been a world-wide increase in the awareness of animal cruelty e.g. in the entertainment business, meat industry, in the scientific community, and among people in general. This has called for a scrutiny of how we treat animals and in the scientific community it has stimulated research to reduce animal experiment. Experimental systems usually considered animal cruelty free, like ce

The transgression of Earth’s nine planetary boundaries is a phenomena that will have consequences shared by us all. Contemporary political and economic paradigms vow for the substitution of Earth’s limited natural capital with growing human capital for our self-aggrandizing interests. Based on the lack of collective action towards sustainability, international bodies such as the Intergovernmental

Digitaliseringen har lett till ett nytt marknadsföringslandskap där näringsidkare i allt större utsträckning använder sig av information om konsumenten för att skapa reklam på individnivå. Genom analys av olika typer av data som enskilda lämnar ifrån sig på den digitala och/eller fysiska marknaden kan företag identifiera potentiella konsumenter och målinrikta sin reklam. Det är till exempel möjligThe development of today’s digital world has led to a new marketing paradigm in which traders increasingly use information about consumers to create individually targeted advertisement. The consumer is monitored in both the digital and physical world of commerce. Different types of information about the consumer is collected and by analyzing this various data companies are able to identify potenti

Att värna om barn och barns rättigheter är frågor som ständigt är aktuella, och inom politiken framförs ständigt nya lagförslag på hur barnrättsperspektivet kan stärkas. I denna uppsats kommer därmed redogöras för om barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister i den utsträckning som gällande rätt öppnar upp för är motiverad, samt om det är berättigat att stärka denna rätt. Uppsatsens syfte kommer uppnåsProtecting children and children's rights are issues that are constantly relevant, and in politics, new legislative proposals are constantly being put forward on how the child rights perspective can be strengthened. In this essay, it will be explained whether children's right to participation in custody disputes to the extent that applicable law opens up for today is motivated, and wheth