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Butterflies of the genus Papilio have polarisation-sensitive photoreceptors in all regions of the eye, and different spectral types of receptor are sensitive to different e-vector orientations. We have studied the consequences of this eye design for colour vision in behavioural tests and find that Papilio spp. see false colours due to the polarisation of light. They discriminate between vertically
Patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy (HE) may present affective symptoms and antidepressant drug treatment in this condition is not uncommon. The present microdialysis study investigated treatment with the chronic antidepressant venlafaxine (VEN) in experimental HE with regard to tentative changes in pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic parameters. Three weeks after portacaval shunt (PCS
To study the influence of surgical trauma on the XaI and IIaI activity after injection of a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) 24 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy received one subcutaneous injection of the LMWH Fragmin. Each group of eight patients received either 2,500 or 5,000 XaI U 2 h before operation or 5,000 XaI U 10 h before surgery. For comparison an additional eight patients
On a software development project many people collaborate to build a product contributing different pieces of the final product. Often people on a development team will work in parallel, either on different parts or on the same parts of the product, and follow processes to co-ordinate their work with other people on the team. When teams are distributed this co-ordination becomes more difficult sin
This chapter explores what L2 learners' gestures reveal about L2 grammar. The focus is on learners’ difficulties with maintaining reference in discourse caused by their incomplete mastery of pronouns. The study highlights the systematic parallels between properties of L2 speech and gesture, and the parallel effects of grammatical development in both modalities. The validity of a communicative acco
This paper presents a study of the sensor network calibration time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements. Such calibration arise in several applications such as calibration of (acoustic or ultrasound) microphone arrays, bluetooth arrays, and radio antenna networks. We propose a non-iterative algorithm that apply a three-step stratification process, (i) using a set of rank constraints to determ
JastAddJ is an extensible Java compiler, implemented using reference attribute grammars. It has been shown previously how the language constructs of Java 5, like generics, could be modularly added to the original JastAddJ compiler that supported Java 1.4. In this paper we discuss our experiences from extending Jast- AddJ to support Java 7. In particular, we discuss how the Try-With-Resources state
In this paper, we study the geometry problems of estimating camera pose with unknown focal length using combination of geometric primitives. We consider points, lines and also rich features such as quivers, i.e. points with one or more directions. We formulate the problems as polynomial systems where the constraints for different primitives are handled in a unified way. We develop efficient polyno
In this paper we describe how techniques for refactoring can be used for visual editing of hybrid languages, that is, languages that have both a visual and a textual syntax. Textual languages have name rules that define how name uses are bound to name declarations. These bindings often correspond to connections in the visual language, and need to be taken into account in order to implement the vis
Proceeding from the assumption that metaphors as well as pictures are iconic signs, the present contribution studies what happens when metaphors occur in figurative pictures. The author distinguishes between primary iconicity, the recognition of which is a condition for the categorization of an object as a sign, and secondary iconicity, which is perceived only after an object has been categorized
The aim of this book is to explore how contemporary notions of reconciliation as a process of building, rebuilding and transforming relationships may be applied not only to “race” but also to gender relations in post-apartheid and post-TRC South Africa. After highlighting links between the past, the present and the future with regard to such relations in wider South African society, critical quest
In editors for visual languages it is often useful to provide interactive feedback that depends on the static semantics of the edited program. In this paper we demonstrate how such feedback can be implemented using reference attribute grammars. Because the implementation is declarative, it is easy to modularize compiler and editor computations, reusing the compiler's program model in the editor. F
The urbanization and the climate changes are putting pressure on municipalities. A lot of times a denser city and a greater use of public transport is presented as solutions to plan for a more sustainable development. This is a case study on a municipality in Sweden, Kristianstad in the area of Scania, where interviews and document analysis has helped to study the municipality’s rural development.
Is the bottom billion really stuck at the bottom – stuck in poverty without possibilities to escape? This study follows up on predictions made by Paul Collier in his famous 2007- book The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It, in which he states that the following four poverty traps keeps the world’s poorest countries poor: conflict, natural resources,
Prisutvecklingen på bostäder är något som väcker intresse på nationellt och individuellt plan. Mellan år 2008 och 2018 har kvadratmeterpriset och den genomsnittliga köpeskillingen för bostadsrätter fördubblats. Den expansiva värdeökningen är förenad med risker kopplade till hushållens skuldsättning som ökat i en snabb takt och därmed även ökat den finansiella sårbarheten. Ett alternativt sätt att Few markets are followed with such a great interest as the housing market. The development of house prices is something that intrigues on a national and an individual level, since properties are often seen as the most valuable asset in a household. Prices for co-operative apartments in Sweden have practically doubled in 2018 compared with 2008. The increasing trend in house prices is united with r
