Filtyp
Two main topics are dealt with in this thesis. Firstly, the performance of condensing boilers with finned tube heat exchangers and premix burners is evaluated. Secondly, ways of avoiding condensate formation in the flue system are evaluated. In the first investigation, a transient heat transfer approach is used to predict performance of different boiler configurations connected to different heati
The availability of complete genome sequence data from both bacteria and eukaryotes provides information about the contribution of bacterial genes to the origin and evolution of mitochondria. Phylogenetic analyses based on genes located in the mitochondrial genome indicate that these genes originated from within the f-proteobacteria. A number of ancestral bacterial genes have also been transferred
This work deals with the effects of freeze-thawing on the deterioration of some types of natural stone, especially stones frequently used in old buildings in Sweden. Laboratory studies were performed mainly on Gotland sandstone. This stone has been widely used in old buildings in the whole Baltic region, and is often badly deteriorated. A granite from Bohuslän Province in Sweden was studied as wel
As the child grows up it becomes more and more a part of the adult world of communication and understanding. Semiotic studies of the development of signs in children are remarkably few, as if the mere existence of signs were taken for granted. The studies in the child’s cognitive development conducted by Piaget and Vygotsky in the last century still have the capacity to influence theoretical claim
We study photoionization of argon atoms excited by attosecond pulses using an interferometric measurement technique. We measure the difference in time delays between electrons emitted from the 3s(2) and from the 3p(6) shell, at different excitation energies ranging from 32 to 42 eV. The determination of photoemission time delays requires taking into account the measurement process, involving the i
CCD observations of V538 Cas have been made on nine nights during three weeks using the AAVSO Bright Star Monitor. No significant variations were found.
One of the fundamental processes in nature is the photoelectric effect in which an electron is ripped away from its atom via the interaction with a photon. This process was long believed to be instantaneous but with the development of attosecond pulses (1 as 10(-18) s) we can finally get an insight into its dynamic. Here we measure a delay in ionization time between two differently bound electrons
The major strand of finance literature understands market efficiency through the market's ability to process information into prices. Another strand of literature refers to the economists’ usual sense of the word, i.e., that markets ensure that resources are allocated to their most profitable expected use, and provide services at the lowest cost. This paper, deploying the second definition, sugges
A low-rate turbo coding scheme based on superorthogonal convolutional encoders is examined. We analyze the asymptotic performance that can be achieved when both the code length and the number of iterations tend to infinity and present a bound on the iterative limit of this superorthogonal turbo code construction. Simulations of the codes with large permutors (interleavers) confirm the results of t
Abstract in UndeterminedThis thesis consists of five self-contained chapters: Chapter 1:Effects of driving restrictions on air quality and car use in Bogota Rationing car use at certain times of the day based on license plate numbers has become a popular policy to address traffic congestion and air pollution in several cities around the world. This paper analyzes the effects of moderate and drasti
This thesis presents new cryptanalysis results for several different stream cipher constructions. In addition, it also presents two new stream ciphers, both based on the same design principle. The first attack is a general attack targeting a nonlinear combiner. A new class of weak feedback polynomials for linear feedback shift registers is identified. By taking samples corresponding to the linear
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Metamaterial applications such as cloaking, perfect lenses, and artificial permeability are restricted by the frequency dependence of the permittivity, permeability, and index of refraction. Here, causality and passivity together with integral identities for Herglotz functions are used to construct sum rules. The sum rules relate the frequency dependence of the material parameters with their high-
Popular Abstract in Swedish VADÅ CYTOTOXISKA OCH PROINFLAMMATORISKA EGENSKAPER HOS EOSINOFILA? Vårt immunförsvar är nödvändigt för vår överlevnad, men des's komplexitet gör det svårt att greppa. Man brukar dela upp det i ett ospecifikt och ett specifikt försvar. T och B celler ingår i det ospecifika och vita blodkroppar i det specifika. En andra uppdelning är första försvarslinjen (den barriär soEosinophils are multi-functional leukocytes involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. Participation in some neoplastic diseases and in the host defense against helminths has also been postulated. They are considered both good and bad, protecting or harming the host. The exact roles of eosinophils and their mechanisms of action are poorl
The BCJR algorithm is an important method of channel decoding. We extend it here to rate-distortion encoding. The arguments begin from source coding principles and make no use of channel coding or soft output ideas. An important role is played by codeword ensembles with equiprobable reproducer letters. The BCJR method is demonstrated by tests of a tailbiting BCJR with the Gaussian source. The outc
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige drabbas årligen så många som 100.000 personer av benbrott, höftfrakturer och sjukdomar, som kan kopplas till benskörhet. Under normalt åldrande ändras benets struktur och täthet vilket ökar risken för benbrott. Man vet att förändringarna förorsakas av förändringar i skelettets förmåga att ombildas. Under hela livet byts benvävnaden successivt ut och ersätts avDiffusion in bone is needed for bone remodeling and bone healing. Understanding the phenomenon is often important for comprehension bone diseases. Mathematical modeling of the diffusion processes is a required prerequisite in the study of this important physical process in living bone tissue. A proper model is crucial in order to obtain realistic results. An easily accessible method to measure the
