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This article investigates solidarity as a concept and/or a norm of EU law from the perspective of functional constitutionalism. It asks how solidarity fits within the normative framework of the EU legal order if we understand this framework as being founded on a functional constitution.Under functional constitutionalism, the EU is understood as a purposive polity and the authority of the legal ord
In late 1922, the Indian revolutionary M. P. T. Acharya returned to Berlin from Moscow and joined the international anarchist movement. Straddling anti-colonial, anarchist, and pacifist circles in the interwar years, Acharya stands out as a distinctive figure within global revolutionary networks and broadens our conception of the global reach of the international anarchist movement. Staking out a
Focusing on the period from 1870 to 1960, this chapter provides an overview of anarchist approaches to anti-imperialism, offering examples of collaborations, solidarities, antagonisms and syntheses between anarchists and anti-colonialists from across the British, Spanish, French and Portuguese colonial worlds and within the imperial metropoles in Europe. Alongside anti-colonial resistances to thes
Reality monitoring refers to a person's ability to distinguish between perceived and imagined events. Prior research has demonstrated that young adults show a reality-monitoring advantage for negative arousing information as compared with neutral information. The present research examined whether this reality-monitoring benefit extends to positive information in young adults and whether older adul
Staging an open contest is a democratic method to choose a party leader, though its electoral consequences remain unclear. I argue that leadership contests are electorally detrimental to governing parties. Competitive contests signal intraparty policy and/or personality conflict to voters, which damages governing parties’ perceived unity as well as competence in the policy-making process. Thus, le
A reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model, the EpiDerm, was investigated and compared to human skin ex vivo regarding tissue penetration and distribution of two chromium species, relevant in both occupational and general exposure in the population. Imaging mass spectrometry was used in analysis of the sectioned tissue. The RHE model gave similar results compared to human skin ex vivo for skin pe
Concerns over the earth’s ability to sustain itself over the long term as a consequence of human consumption of natural resources points towards sustainable development. Since a large proportion of human consumption is linked to buildings and construction, this means managing the construction process in more sustainable ways. Strategies that target greater material efficiency and which promote cir
Environmental impacts from passenger transportation continue to increase globally due to a rise in kilometers traveled and a shift to emission-intensive transportation modes (from public transportation and active modes such as walking and cycling to motorcycle and car ridership). The electrification of the passenger fleet, coupled with low-carbon energy sources, is expected to decrease some of the
Synonymous (also known as silent) variations are by definition not considered to change the coded protein. Still many variations in this category affect either protein abundance or properties. As this situation is confusing, we have recently introduced systematics for synonymous variations and those that may on the surface look like synonymous, but these may affect the coded protein in various way
Gen Z, Tourism, and Sustainable Consumption is the first book to provide a comprehensive account of Generation Z in relation to sustainable consumption practices and travel cultures. Gen Z is regarded as the world’s largest consumer market. The growth and behaviour of this economically significant market will have enormous implications for the future development of the tourism industry and destina
Ekmanite is a member of the 2:1 type modulated layer silicates such as ganophyllite and bannisterite. Its chemical composition can be represented by K(M20)[Si32O76](OH)16 (M = Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+) where three of eight Si-tetrahedra are inverted across the interlayer sharing an apical oxygen with similarly inverted tetrahedra from the adjacent layers. The arrangement of the regular, D, and inverted, R
Models for Non-Modelers focuses not on how to design models but on how to understand and critically appraise them. Data and statistical models are widely used in disciplines such as epidemiology, climate science and systems design, but it can be difficult for those without the necessary training to understand and implement them. This book is for non-modelers, especially social scientists. Through
This edited collection proposes instituting as a potentially critical methodology in curating, art making and social organizing today, and seeks to discuss forms and structures that take place inside and outside institutions. Rethinking of collective artistic and social practices through and beyond the “waves of institutional critique” this books discusses instituting as a process in continuous cr
Providing a novel research methodology for students and scholars with an interest in dynasties, at all levels, this book explores the Spanish Habsburg dynasty that ruled the Spanish monarchy between c. 1515 and 1700. Instead of focusing on the reigns of successive kings, the book focuses on the Habsburgs as a family group that was constructed in various ways: as a community of heirs, a genealogica
The food industry occupies a large portion of the plate in the study of moral markets. Moral markets for food include fair trade goods, organic products, family farmers initiatives, as well as plant-based meat alternatives, the focus of this paper. Driven by a growing concern for animal welfare, sustainability and the responsible use of resources, various companies launched products that successfu
Significant collaborations with research partners in China are seen in many Western countries. With increasing geopolitical tensions governments, research institutions and individuals are increasingly called upon to address a proliferating array of risks and challenges associated with scientific collaboration with China. The situation is characterised by two parallel, intertwined processes. On the
This paper investigates the outcomes of small-scale egalitarian language contact in an attempt to address whether different linguistic domains exhibit different degrees of stability and resistance to convergence among cohabitant speakers of Jahai and Jedek, two closely related Aslian (Austroasiatic) language varieties spoken in northern Peninsular Malaysia. Using nonparametric Bayesian mixture mod
Formate dehydrogenases (FDHs) are metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible conversion of formate to carbon dioxide. Since such a process may be used to combat the greenhouse effect, FDHs have been extensively studied by experimental and theoretical methods. However, the reaction mechanism is still not clear; instead five putative mechanisms have been suggested. In this work, the reaction mechan
Regional innovation policies are often applied in a standardized way oriented at best practice models developed elsewhere. These policies fail to take specific sectoral and regional characteristics sufficiently into account. However, innovation processes and problems vary for firms in particular sectors since these exhibit distinct features dependent on their knowledge base. Also, companies are lo
