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The solvations of positively and negatively charged model ions in water droplets have been studied using Monte Carlo simulations performed with a polarizable intermolecular potential function model. Special focus has been placed on the position of the ion in the water droplet. It was found that the sign of the ionic charge is of minor importance but an increased ionic charge localizes the ion to t
In this thesis, the focus lies on the determinants of changes in credit ratings. Multiple regression is used to study the relation between credit ratings and a quantity of selected economic variables. The study is restricted to the US market and the ratings have been assigned by Moody’s during the period 1999-2008. In line with previous studies, the short-term interest rate and corporate profits a
The efficient allocation of flexible resources, such as grid batteries and wind parks, across multiple energy market auctions, is pivotal for maximizing socio-economic welfare, interpreted here as profits. This study explores various optimization methods, including Linear Programming, Integer Linear Programming, Robust Optimization with Linear Programming, and Robust Optimization with Integer Line
When particles are dispersed in a microfluidic device, its resonant frequencies can be used to manipulate their positions at will. This practice, called acoustophoresis, has been shown to successfully control multiple particles simultaneously with a single vibrating actuator, which is a low-cost and contactless alternative to existing particle manipulation methods, and whose applications include i
Amid the rapid expansion of the global digital economy, the European Union faces a fundamental tension between promoting digital trade liberalisation and safeguarding its regulatory autonomy. This thesis examines how policy space provisions within the EU's new, standalone Digital Trade Agreements (DTAs) with Singapore and South Korea relate to this strategic challenge. Using a legal doctri-nal
Female-producing parthenogenesis is widespread in stick insects. It ranges from rare in sexual species to facultative or obligate, the latter sometimes in hybrids. This review synthesizes current knowledge on its origins, mechanisms, and evolutionary consequences, highlighting the distinction between hybrid and intra-specific origins. Hybrid-derived parthenogens are rare, obligate, frequently poly
We must recognize that plastics likely constitute a pervasive background in many environments. Beyond their previously documented risks to ecosystems and human health, plastics may also exert unintended influences on laboratory experiments, potentially distorting experimental outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that ultrasound treatment of commonly used laboratory test tubes releases nanoplastics into
Molecular dynamics is used to simulate a thin copper coated silicon film. To increase the understanding in design optimization of copper coated silicon structures, the two crystals that the film consists of are oriented in 17 different lattice orientation combinations and a shear load is applied on the top of the copper coating while the bottom of the silicon base is fixed. The force-displacement
This paper illustrates a novel method to analyze artificial neural networks so as to gain insight into their internal functionality. To this purpose, we will show analysis results of some feed-forward-error-back-propagation neural networks for image processing. We win describe them in terms of domain-dependent basic functions, which axe, in the case of the digital image processing domain, differen
Abstract is not available
Phototropins are photoreceptor proteins that regulate blue light-dependent biological processes for efficient photosynthesis in plants and algae. The proteins consist of a photosensory domain that responds to the ambient light and an output module that triggers cellular responses. The photosensory domain of phototropin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains two conserved LOV (light-oxygen-voltage
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this study was to discuss recent advances regarding the pathogenesis of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), which highlight the pathogenic role of macrophages. RECENT FINDINGS: TRALI remains a leading cause of transfusion-related fatalities, despite the success of the mitigation strategy, and therapeutic approaches are unavailable. Neutrophils (PMNs) are re
Self-assembling peptide-based hydrogels are a class of tunable soft materials that have been shown to be highly useful for a number of biomedical applications. The dynamic formation of the supramolecular fibrils that compose these materials has heretofore remained poorly characterized. A better understanding of this process would provide important insights into the behavior of these systems and co
