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Innovation and industrial dynamics have grown in importance over the last 40-50 years as we have moved towards a more knowledge intensive society. In an effort to understand these developments in society new research fields have emerged such as innovation and entrepreneurship studies. In general, these two research fields are regarded as rather closely interlinked. In this study we elaborate on th

The lattice decoder is shown to approach the performance of Maximum-likelihood decoder for MIMO wireless systems with low complexity. A VLSI architecture of the K-best Schnorr-Euchner lattice decoder is proposed in this paper. The architecture is optimized on both algorithm and architecture levels, and supports a dynamic range of SNR [less-than or equal to] 30 dB. Compared to a conventional VLSI i

We propose a simple, general and computationally efficient algorithm for maximum likelihood estima- tion (MLE) of parameters in diffusion and jump-diffusion processes. This is conducted within a Monte Carlo EM-algorithm, where the smoothing distribution is computed using resampling. The results are encouraging as we can approximate the MLE well for the models studied when using simulated data. We

It is shown that the high-resolution laser photoelectron microscope withsubwavelength-spatial resolution can be used for an absolute values ofthe two-photon external photoelectric effect measurements with high (afew nm-scale) localization. The spatial distribution of light intensityin the near field is studied by observing the photoelectron projectionimages of a subwavelength nanoaperture. The ima

The Swedish Air Navigation Service Provider in cooperation with the University of Lund aims at developing a model for supporting continuous improvements and learning focusing on safety in air traffic control. This paper focuses on relationships between the safety culture and the psychosocial working environment. These areas were studied using questionnaires at the two main air traffic control cent

The Arctic land area has warmed by > 1 A degrees C in the last 30 years and there is evidence that this has led to increased productivity and stature of tundra vegetation and reduced albedo, effecting a positive (amplifying) feedback to climate warming. We applied an individual-based dynamic vegetation model over the Arctic forced by observed climate and atmospheric CO2 for 1980-2006. Averaged ove

Using a new concept—the law of the limit to land productivity—this article builds a three (physical, economic, and institutional) worlds’ land-use model with inverse logics of different development stages in a time perspective: before, in, and after the population trap. This model extends the span of the Malthusian population model to history after the Industrial Revolution and makes static proper

Ozone in the atmosphere, mainly in the stratosphere, absorbs most of the ultraviolet-B (wavelength 280-315 nm) radiation from the sun, which can destroy DNA and other biologically important molecules and, thereby, damage living organisms. Due to the pollution of the atmosphere by humans, the ozone layer is presently being depleted, more rapidly at higher latitudes than at lower, and more rapidly o

We present a new type of nanometer-scale semiconductor nonlinear device, called self-switching device (SSD). The device was realized by simply etching insulating grooves into a semiconductor, between which a narrow channel with a broken symmetry was formed. Because of the asymmetry in the channel boundary, an applied voltage V not only changes the potential profile along the channel direction, but

A previous study compared two student groups that played a mathematics game based on a teachable agent. One group played with, and the other without, the inclusion of a social conversation module: a chat between the student and the teachable agent. Results were that students who used the game with the chat included had a more positive experience of the game and learned more in the sense of teachin

In this work, we present a novel method for non-invasive identification of liquids, for instance to allow for the detection of liquid explosives at airports or border controls. The approach is based on a nuclear magnetic resonance technique with an inhomogeneous magnetic field, forming estimates of the liquid's spin-spin relaxation time, T2, and diffusion constant, D, thereby allowing for a unique

Wear in forming tools and contact problems between sheet-metal and tool-material are common problems in manufacturing industries and sheet-metal-parts production. In this paper recent tool material experiences are presented. Quantitative determination of wear has been performed using micro hardness indentions made on the tool surface prior to pressings and thereafter measured. Wear tests are perfo

Climate change has already triggered species distribution shifts in many parts of the world. Increasing impacts are expected for the future, yet few studies have aimed for a general understanding of the regional basis for species vulnerability. We projected late 21st century distributions for 1,350 European plants species under seven climate change scenarios. Application of the International Union

This paper considers how researchers can best establish a forward trajectory in their work, individually and collectively. The suggestion is sometimes made in academic circles that it is inappropriate to present work that revisits an area previously discussed within the field. While we accept that any published paper should make an original contribution to what is collectively known about a partic

Waste in form of fat, oil and grease (FOG) is generated where food is prepared or consumed, e.g. in households. If collected properly, the household FOG could be interesting for biogas production. This fraction has been source-separated and collected separately in a residential area in Malmö, Sweden. The biogas potential has been evaluated by mesophilic digestion experiments. Both single-substrate

We present an estimate for the convergence rate of the Dirichlet-Neumann iteration for the discretized unsteady transmission problem. Specifically, we consider the coupling of two heat equations on two identical squared domains. The Laplacian is discretized by second order central finite differences and the implicit Euler method is used for the time discretization. For the semidiscrete case, Hensh

The present study was performed in order to get a better understanding of the influence of the scanning angle interval on navigation performance, gestures and strategies in a more realistic outdoor setting. Results indicate that users are able to handle a wide range of angle intervals. We observe different gestures and strategies and provide recommendations for suitable angle intervals. Our observ

One problem with web servers is that they are sensitive to overload. The servers may become overloaded during temporary traffic peaks when more requests arrive than the server is designed for. Because overload usually occurs rather seldom, it is not economical to overprovision the servers for these traffic peaks, instead admission control mechanisms can be implemented in the servers. This pa per i