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Recently Havas and Vaughan-Lee proved that 4-Engel groups axe locally nilpotent. Their proof relies on the fact that a certain 4-Engel group T is nilpotent and this they prove using a computer and the Knuth-Bendix algorithm. In this paper we give a short handproof of the nilpotency of T.

This paper presents two 1.8 GHz CMOS voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), tuned by an inversion-mode MOS varactor and an accumulation-mode MOS varactor, respectively. Both VCOs show a lower power consumption and a lower phase noise than a reference VCO tuned by a more commonly used diode varactor. The best overall performance is displayed by the accumulation-mode MOS varactor VCO. The VCOs were

Primary energy use, emission and the cost of whole energy system chains, from natural resource to end-User, were analysed, in a Swedish context,, hen heating detached houses. Both electricity-based systems employing heat Pumps. boilers. or resistance heaters. and local fuel-based systems (e.g. natural gas. oil and wood fuel) were considered. The base-load electricity was Produced in stand-alone po

Popular Abstract in Swedish I dag konfronterar människor en större mångfald än någonsin. Begreppssystem av olika struktur och innehåll utmanar föreställningen om universell kunskap och skapar spänning mellan olika kulturella och lingvistiska kommuniteter. Denna bok argumenterar för att det sätt på vilket vi rättfärdigar våra trosföreställningar har implikationer för det meningsfulla i att söka uniThe question of what justifies empirical beliefs is traditionally answered either by reference to basic empirical beliefs that receive justification from something outside of the epistemic subject’s conceptual sphere or by reference to justification through coherence, in the sense that empirical beliefs are justified through their semantic relations to other beliefs. Typical of both kinds of answe

Iterative decoding methods allow efficient decoding of long codes that are composed of smaller component codes. As a result reliable communication can be achieved with low decoding complexity even for rates close to Shannon capacity. This makes iteratively decodable codes a very attractive object of study in modern coding theory. This thesis focuses on different kinds of cycles which appear in th

Uppsatsen behandlar asymmetrisk kryptering över ändliga kropper och elliptiska kurver. Elliptiska kurver införs med hjälp av affint och projektivt rum. Uppsaten också ger en introduction till algoritmer som kan knäcka diskret logaritm problemet över kropper och elliptiska kurver.In this thesis, an introduction to public key cryptography over finite fields and elliptic curves is given. Elliptic curves are introduced using affine and projective spaces. The thesis also gives an introduction to algorithms that are able to break the discrete logarithm problem over finite fields and elliptic curves faster than an exhaustive search.

Purpose: The main purpose of the thesis is to examine the profitability of Momentum Strategies on the Nordic stock markets. This will provide insight and contribute to the debate on efficient markets. Finding profitable Momentum Strategies will provide strong evidence of inefficiency in the market. A secondary purpose is to examine factors which might cause or impact the profitability of the Momen

The socio-ecological conditions of fish-stock depletion pose great challenges to fish-dependent economies. Such challenges are currently felt on the Faroes, where fish and fish related products account for 94 percent of total exports. Hence, ideas on how to make the fisheries sustainable are thriving. By drawing attention to the diverse ways that Faroese have organised socio-ecological relations o

The frequently assumed "freshness" constraint on the source states in multiple authentication schemes is not necessary if one allows the encoding rule to change between subsequent transmissions. In the paper it is shown that the main existing lower bounds on the probabilities of successful attack on multiple authentication schemes also hold for this new setup. Furthermore, Stinson's (1988) bound f

I will show that what is respected the most in human reproduction and parenting is not a right to reproduce in the way in which this right is explicitly proposed. The only way in which people can become, and function as, parents without having to submit themselves to anyone else’s judgments and decisions, is by having reproductive sex. Whatever one’s intentions, social status, standard of living,

The vertebrate gut microbiota (bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities of the gastrointestinal tract) can have profound effects on the physiological processes of their hosts. Although relatively stable, changes in microbiome structure and composition occur due to changes in the environment, including exposure to stressors and associated increases in glucocorticoid hormones. Although a growing n

Thermoresponsive microgels are a popular model system to study phase transitions in soft matter, because temperature directly controls their volume fraction. Ionic microgels are additionally pH-responsive and possess a rich phase diagram. Although effective interaction potentials between microgel particles have been proposed, these have never been fully tested, leading to a gap in our understandin

Knowledge of DNA - lipid layer interactions is key for the development of biosensors, synthetic nanopores, scaffolds, and gene-delivery systems. These interactions are strongly affected by the ionic composition of the solvent. We have combined quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and ellipsometry measurements to reveal how pH, buffers and alkali metal chloride salts affect the interaction of DNA with