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Carbetocin is an uncharged cyclic therapeutic peptide with a tendency to aggregate in solution. Aggregation is undesirable since it, for example, can lead to loss of pharmaceutical effects. To gain a better understanding of peptide aggregation, along with a potential to develop better drug formulations, aggregation of carbetocin was studied. In focus were soluble aggregates in contrast to phase-se
Soot is a known contributor to climate change due to its strong light absorption possibility. It has been shown that adding alkali salts during the soot formation reduces its soot absorption ability, and thus reduces its impacts, but the exact mechanics are not fully understood. This thesis aims to get a better understanding of the effects that salts have on soot. The salts used were sodium chlori
The time dependent Maxwell system is supplemented with the constitutive relations of linear bianisotropc media and is treated as a neutral integro-differential equation in a Hilbert space. By using the theory of abstract Volterra equations and strongly continuous semigroups we obtain general well-posedness results for the corresponding mathematical problem.
The up-converting ZrO2:Yb3+,E3+ nanomaterials were prepared with the combustion and sal-gel methods. The structure of the materials was cubic except for the minor monoclinic and tetragonal impurities associated with the use of the sal-gel method. The XANES results revealed only the trivalent form for both the Yb and Er dopants. The distance distributions calculated from EXAFS confirm that Er3+ and
Popular Abstract in Arabic Vårt immunförsvar är fantastiskt. Dagligen exponeras vi för bakterier, virus och andra sjukdomsalstrande mikroorganismer och i allra flesta fall besegrar vårt immunförsvar detta hot utan problem. I sällsynta fall uppstår det dock en situation då bakterier lyckas undvika vårt initiala immunförsvar, sprids i kroppen och orsakar blodförgiftning (sepsis). Vid detta tillståndSepsis is a heterogeneous, dynamic, and complex syndrome caused by interaction between the host and the invading pathogen. It is associated with an overwhelmingly dysregulated immune response, and also immunosuppression. In spite of our improved understanding of the underlying molecular pathology, sepsis still remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This is reflected in the un
The increased possibilities for geographical separation of the production process have given rise to a growing interest for trade in intermediate goods in the international trade literature. Thanks to trade in parts and components, but also in services and other immaterial products, developing countries have been able to enter the global trade scene to a greater extent than before. This paper anal
While discussing the possibility of investigating the polysemy of an English profanity as the topic for this essay, Dylan Glynn, who is supervising this work, pointed to an (albeit old) edition of an Oxford English Dictionary resting on a shelf in his office in order to look up the definition[s] of the lexeme fuck. However, the entry was nowhere to be found, and this only added to the interest of
Following Kosovo’s issuance of a unilateral declaration of independence in 2008, the UN General Assembly requested the International Court of Justice to pronounce itself on the accordance with international law of the declaration of independence. The Court’s answer to that request was that the declaration of independence was not in violation of international law. When the Court rephrased the quest
This thesis will be concerned with one of the main concerns and highly discussed topics in the relationship between Article 102 TFEU and Intellectual Property Rights. Predominately, it will focus on the enforcement of IPR(s) as an abusive practise of dominance and whether a dominant undertaking has the ability to protect its IPR by refusing to licence its IPR to a third party. The main purpose wi
In the second episode of the second season Nic and Rebecca invite Diane Feuillet to the microphone. Diane is a researcher here at Lund Observatory working on galactic archaeology using stellar abundances, ages and kinematics. In this second season of the Meridian we are also bringing you some field reporting from the Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma, where a team of astronomers are trying to
Recently, uropathogenic Escherichia coli were shown to express a virulence factor that specifically inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. The TIR-domain protein C (TcpC), has high homology with the TIR (Toll Interleukin Receptor) domains of innate immune signaling molecules such as TLR4, TRIF, TRAM and MyD88. By binding to these domains, TcpC prevents TIR homodimerization and inhibits innat
The control of large and complex systems is a difficult but important topic. In applications, centralized control, in which all measurements about a system are used to compute control actions, is often preferable, since it allows for a better overview of the system and more precise control. However, in large networks, where the complexity of implementing a centralized controller becomes too diffic
In 1980, China set up four special economic zones (SEZ) to attract overseas investors to gain advanced technology and economic growth. Until now China has become the largest recipient of FDI these years. This gives the author great interest to study the spillover effect of FDI in China. The research question is from 1997 to 2016, whether FDI had an impact on China's economic growth, and whethe
This article comments on three post-Second-World-War road novels: Kerouac’s On the Road(1957), Robbins’s Even Cowgirls Get the Blues(1976), Atkinson’s Highways and Dance Halls(1995). Framing its perspective within the question of what is involved in creating a 20th-century ‘traveller identity’, it conceptualizes the road in terms of how it historically and generically emerged as a primarily male t
We discuss the striking similarities between Friedrich Nietzsche's and Wilfrid Sellars's respective philosophies of mind. Drawing especially on recent Nietzsche scholarship by Riccardi and Katsafanas, we argue that the Nietzschean picture of consciousness is essentially the same as Sellars's view of conceptually structured thought. In particular, we argue that both consider structured thinking to
The gender patenting gap is well-established and is wide. Despite important progress made over the past decades, the gap remains. Why are women underrepresented in patenting activities? What are the roots of the gender patenting gap? How did the gap evolve since the ‘modern’ patenting system was established? Our knowledge of women’s contribution to innovative activities in the past is extremely sc
We discuss the Empirical Bayes approach to the problem of multiple testing and compare it with a very popular frequentist method of Benjamini and Hochberg aimed at controlling the false discovery rate. Our main focus is the 'sparse mixture' case, when only a small proportion of tested hypotheses is expected to be false. The specific parametric model we consider is motivated by the application to d
Objective: Cardiovascular disease can be prevented through lifestyle changes, but such changes are often hard to attain. Text message interventions with lifestyle advice have shown small but promising effects. Our objective was to explore participant experience of a text message lifestyle intervention for patients with hypertension, and implications for future lifestyle interventions. Design and s
The lead arrangers of syndicated loans often have lending relationships with the borrowers, while other lenders participating in the syndicate largely engage in an arm’s length transaction. Relatively little is known about how these relationships affect the shares of syndicated loans that the lead arrangers retain in their portfolio. Using a random sample of 10,328 syndicated loans made to 7316 no
