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The frequently assumed "freshness" constraint on the source states in multiple authentication schemes is not necessary if one allows the encoding rule to change between subsequent transmissions. In the paper it is shown that the main existing lower bounds on the probabilities of successful attack on multiple authentication schemes also hold for this new setup. Furthermore, Stinson's (1988) bound f
I will show that what is respected the most in human reproduction and parenting is not a right to reproduce in the way in which this right is explicitly proposed. The only way in which people can become, and function as, parents without having to submit themselves to anyone else’s judgments and decisions, is by having reproductive sex. Whatever one’s intentions, social status, standard of living,
The vertebrate gut microbiota (bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities of the gastrointestinal tract) can have profound effects on the physiological processes of their hosts. Although relatively stable, changes in microbiome structure and composition occur due to changes in the environment, including exposure to stressors and associated increases in glucocorticoid hormones. Although a growing n
BACKGROUND: Positive photopatch test reactions are classified according to the International Contact Dermatitis Group. The various reaction patterns are interpreted to represent patterns such as contact allergy, photocontact allergy, photoaugmentation, and photoinhibition. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there are any weaknesses in the interpretation of reaction patterns. MATERIALS & METHODS
We show that the blockage in transmission of a screen with a periodic microstructure integrated over all wavelengths is bounded by the static polarizability per unit area of the screen. Physical bounds on the co-polarized transmission coefficient over a wavelength interval are presented using only information from the zero-frequency properties of the microstructure. The theoretical results are com
We study non-invertible piecewise hyperbolic maps in the plane. The Hausdorff dimension of the attractor is estimated from below for a set of maps that is open in the C2 topology.
Lower bounds on the list minimum weight and list weight are obtained for ensembles of systematic and nonsystematic encoders. >From these bounds it follows that the necessary list size grows exponentially with the number of corrected errors. We obtain an expurgated upper bound on the probability of the correct path loss for the ensemble of time-invariant binary convolutional codes. The notion of an
Popular Abstract in Swedish ”Har en galopperande häst vid något tillfälle alla hovarna i luften samtidigt?” Den här till synes enkla frågan är inte helt enkel att svara på eftersom det inte går att avgöra med blotta ögat om så är fallet. För att avgöra om hovarna verkligen är i luften på samma gång behöver vi andra redskap med bättre tidsupplösning än våra ögon. Första gången någon lyckades göra eOne objective of attosecond science is to study electron dynamics in atoms and molecular systems on their natural time scale. This can be done using attosecond light pulses. Attosecond pulses are produced in a process called high-order harmonic generation, in which a short, intense laser pulse interacts with atoms or molecules in a highly nonlinear process, leading to the generation of high-order
This paper will continue on the topics presented in previous numbers of Ancient Planet (2012/2; 2012/3) by giving an updated account of the ongoing survey work at Gebel el Silsila in Egypt. However, while previous articles have concerned Graeco-Roman quarry marks and their various meanings, the aim here is to draw attention to the site’s Prehistoric Periods with especial focus on the pictorial rep
To increase indoor coverage for mobile services, we propose a residential small cell infrastructure making use of the existing copper plant. The system is cabinet-based, collocated with VDSL2 and uses small pieces of spectrum next to VDSL2. Inspired by the Ericsson Radio Dot System, it challenges the femtocell paradigm offering full macro functionality in the small cells. An interesting service po
In the Grödinge project pottery was recovered from the five Neolithic sites, totaling c. 280 kg. A selected sample of pottery from four of these sites, i.e. the Eklundshov, Smällan, Kyrktorp and Kvedesta sites, has been studied more closely and also analysed technologically.
Biodiesel considered a green, environmentally friendly, and renewable energy source is one of the most promising candidates to replace fossil fuels to supply energy for the world. The conventional thermocatalytic methods have been extensively explored for producing biodiesel, while inevitably encountering some drawbacks, such as harsh operating conditions and high energy consumption. The catalytic
