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Functional data analysis is typically performed in two steps: first, functionally representing discrete observations, and then applying functional methods to the so-represented data. The initial choice of a functional representation may have a significant impact on the second phase of the analysis, as shown in recent research, where data-driven spline bases outperformed the predefined rigid choice
Drosophila melanogaster structures its optic flow during flight by interspersing translational movements with abrupt body rotations. Whether these "body saccades" are accompanied by steering movements of the head is a matter of debate. By tracking single flies moving freely in an arena, we now discovered that walking Drosophila also perform saccades. Movement analysis revealed that the flies separ
We address the non-convex optimisation problem of finding a sparse matrix on the Stiefel manifold (matrices with mutually orthogonal columns of unit length) that maximises (or minimises) a quadratic objective function. Optimisation problems on the Stiefel manifold occur for example in spectral relaxations of various combinatorial problems, such as graph matching, clustering, or permutation synchro
For well over a century the dominant narrative concerning the major thinkers and themes of early modern British philosophy has been that of “British Empiricism,” where the great triumvirate of Locke, Berkeley and Hume is taken to stand united in opposition to their counterparts in the “Continental Rationalist” tradition. This chapter argues that this way of categorizing the thinkers and issues in
This chapter discusses issues related to the concept of inclusion in music education. The focus is on the challenges faced and the possibilities opened to children with different minority backgrounds, as well as to the varied circumstances that can affect work with inclusion in music education. Creative work in art and music offers important opportunities for intercultural forms of interaction; bu
This essay delves into the akiya (vacant houses) problem in Japan, using the phenomenon as a lens to discuss the larger issue of depopulation and repopulation of regional Japan. It builds on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Kochi Prefecture from February to April, 2023, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with official workers and local residents of depopulated areas. The study find
The association between higher education and political attitudes is well-recognized, and research suggests that socialization amongst peers is one of the most probable mechanisms explaining a possible attitudinal change. However, identifying a socialization effect is difficult due to self-selection mechanisms and limitations in data availability. This article empirically investigates the underlyin
Objectives: The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is safe from a long-term perspective since there are no known cumulative risks for patients or personnel. However, the technique comes with several acute risks associated with the powerful electromagnetic fields that are necessary to produce medical images. These risks include, among other things, a projectile hazard, loud noise, and the risk
The capacity for organic micropollutant removal in granular activated carbon (GAC) filters for wastewater treatment changes over time. These changes are in general attributed to changes in adsorption, but may in some cases also be affected by biological degradation. Knowledge on the degradation of organic micropollutants, however, is scarce. In this work, the degradation of micropollutants in seve
The regional small intestinal permeability to the vasopressin analogue desmopressin (dDAVP) was further characterized in proximal jejunal and distal (ileocecal) segments of the rat. Administration of the peptide to closed small intestinal loops confirmed the existence of regional absorption differences also in vivo in rats. Thus, the extent of absorption was about 4 times as high from the ileoceca
The principle of need—the idea that resources should be allocated according to need—is often invoked in priority setting in the health care sector. In this article, I argue that a reasonable principle of need must be indeterminate, and examine three different ways that this can be dealt with: appendicizing the principle with further principles, imposing determinacy, or empowering decision makers.
Critical scholarship has long pointed to the problematic ways in which mainstream International Relations (IR) takes Westphalian state politics to be universally applicable, yet existing analyses fall short of providing an alternative grounding for IR. Departing from the close relationship between medicine and politics, this article advances two arguments. First, Westphalian IR is based on a parti
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) A and B are flavoenzymes responsible for the metabolism of biogenic amines such as dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the rate-limiting step of dopamine degradation by MAO B, which consists in the hydride transfer from the methylene group of the substrate to the flavin moiety of the FAD prosthetic group. This article b
Working from anywhere, often associated with digital nomadism, is a growing trend that blurs the boundaries between work and leisure, with individuals choosing to work from tourist destinations. The phenomenon has caught the attention of academics, who mainly focus on the lifestyle aspects of digital nomadism. However, destination management organizations, as well as the tourism and hospitality in
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains a challenging disease with no drugs available to change the trajectory. It is a condition associated with excessive and highly progressive scarring of the lungs with remodelling and extracellular matrix deposition. It is a highly "destructive" disease of the lungs. The diagnosis of IPF is challenging due to continuous evolution of the disease, which also
With the world facing severe ecological degradation, we hear calls for radical change more and more often. One of these calls is for degrowth in materially wealthy nations, including the Nordics. Degrowth fundamentally challenges the modern assumption that economic growth is good for humanity and the planet, and therefore necessitates change in civil society, state and production. In the contempor
