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Promising advances in the field of ultra low power computing are based on the design of high-density ferroelectric memories with non-destructive readout. In this bachelor thesis, the objective is to study HfxZr1−xO2 thin films as one of the most popular candidates to replace traditional dielectrics. A thermal annealing procedure is required for the fabrication of these devices, since the ferroelec
Ultrasound optical tomography (UOT) combines the high contrast of optical imaging with the spatial resolution of ultrasound, making it a promising modality for imaging in scattering media. Conventionally, UOT relies on focused ultrasound to localize the acousto-optic interaction. An alternative approach, Fourier-transform UOT (FT-UOT), has been proposed to encode spatial information using spatiall
Background Sustainability has become an increasingly central aspect of supplier and supply chain governance, driven by regulatory requirements, stakeholder expectations, and companies’ own sustainability objectives. As supply chains are often global, complex, and characterised by different levels of supplier dependency, companies face challenges in ensuring that suppliers comply with environmental
Plattrambroar är vanligt förekommande i Sverige och utsätts kontinuerligt för temperaturvariationer. Dessa variationer ger upphov till tvångslaster när konstruktionen hindras från att röra sig fritt vid termisk expansion eller kontraktion. Tidigare studier indikerar att armeringsmängden i plattrambroar har ökat betydligt under de senaste 50 åren, vilket bland annat kan kopplas till ökade krav på tPortal frame bridges are common in Sweden and are continuously subjected to temperature variations. These variations give rise to restraint forces when the structure is prevented from moving freely during thermal expansion or contraction. Previous studies indicate that the amount of reinforcement in portal frame bridges has increased substantially over the past 50 years, which can partly be attrib
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are widespread environmental pollutants capable of crossing biological barriers. Nanoplastic tyre wear particles (NTWP) are of particular concern because tyre abrasion is a major source of nanoplastic pollution. This study investigated whether NTWP affects monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) activation and subsequent T cell responses, both without antigen and in t
This Bachelor’s thesis from the School of Social Work, Lund University aims to use qualitative interview data from various social service providers to identify problems and difficulties people with mental illness face in finding stable housing. We conducted and analyzed semi-structured verbal interviews with five social workers, four of whom worked for the municipality in various capacities and on
The growing power of online platforms in the digital public sphere raises several human rights concerns. One of these is how journalistic content on online platforms should be protected. Article 18 EMFA responds to the vulnerability of MSP content on VLOPs by introducing a procedural framework to protect MSPs content from arbitrary restrictions imposed by VLOPs on the basis of their terms and cond
The purpose of this thesis is to explore how young people themselves view gang crime and why young people are drawn to criminal groups. The study is based on interviews with individuals who have experience with the gang environment in Malmö. The material has been analyzed using a class perspective and subculture theory, as well as previous research on youth crime and gang crime. The results show t
Objectives. This study examines how family members of adolescents who have engaged in criminal behaviour describe their relationship with the adolescents, how they dealt with challenges, and how they make sense of their situation. Methods. Data were collected from four autobiographies written by family members of adolescents who have engaged in criminal behaviour. A qualitative content analysis wa
Fritidsgårdsverksamhet har länge varit ett ämne för diskussion och debatt och synen på verksamhetens funktion har genom åren haft en skiftande karaktär. Fritidsgårdarna har sedan de en gång startade ofta beskrivits som en plats för att fånga upp stökiga ungdomar och förebygga sociala problem. Samtidigt har det vuxit fram en annan syn på fritidsgårdarna som en främjande plats för kreativitet och et
Regeringen har genomfört ett antal lagändringar på det kriminalpolitiska området i repressiv riktning den senaste mandatperioden. Även Socialdemokraterna, som är i opposition, förespråkar olika typer av straffskärpningar och däribland sänkt straffbarhetsålder, detta trots att straffskärpningar inte har något stöd i forskning. Denna uppsats undersöker vad det är som ger upphov till den politiska gå
Vaccine scepticism is often related to fears of potential side effects and to doubts regarding the safety and effectiveness of the injections. Alongside the medical issues, mass vaccination campaigns like the one related to the COVID-19 pandemic also have civic and epistemic effects connected to the engagement of people on the internet in matters concerning the vaccination and vaccination campaign
How difficult can it be to implement a PID controller? The answer is twofold. Implementing the PID control law is simple and computationally inexpensive. However, this basic form will not work in practical applications. The primary reason for this is the various physical limitations of the actuator. Measurement noise, different implementations depending on the various structures (P, PI, PD or PID)
Tiden tas ofta för given. Men de sätt på vilka den uppfattas och uttrycks är aldrig neutrala eller förutbestämda – de är resultatet av specifika erfarenheter, kunskaper och önskningar. Mot bakgrund av konkurrerande värderingar och förväntningar på den boreala skogen i ljuset av klimatförändringar och resurspåfrestningar undersöker denna avhandling hur förståelser, erfarenheter och tolkningar av tiTime is often taken for granted. However, the ways in which it is perceived and expressed are never neutral or pre-given - they are the result of particular experiences, knowledges and desires. In the context of competing values and expectations for the boreal forest in the face of climate change and resource pressures, this thesis investigates how understandings, experiences and framings of time
Understanding ecosystem water fluxes has gained increasing attention, as climate scenarios predict a drier environment for many parts of the world. Evaporative enrichment of 18O (Δ18O) of leaf water and subsequent enrichment of plant organic matter can be used to characterize environmental and physiological factors that control evaporation, based on a recently established mechanistic model. In a P
Due to its drought sensitivity, the performance and competitiveness of beech as a favoured species of forest management in Central Europe is likely to be negatively affected by the prognosticated climate change, leading to major impacts on the vulnerability of managed forest ecosystems. We studied the genetic differentiation between two populations from a relatively cold and wet northeast (represe
The carbon ( 13C) and oxygen ( 18O) stable isotope composition is widely used to obtain information on the linkages between environmental drivers and tree physiology over various time scales. The tree-ring archive can especially be exploited to reconstruct inter- and intra-annual variation of both climate and physiology. There is, however, a lack of information on the processes potentially affecti
The 13C isotopic signature (C stable isotope ratio; δ13C) of CO2 respired from forest ecosystems and their particular compartments are known to be influenced by temporal changes in environmental conditions affecting C isotope fractionation during photosynthesis. Whereas most studies have assessed temporal variation in δ13C of ecosystem-respired CO2 on a day-to-day scale, not much information is av
