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Regional climate models predict an intensification of extreme heat waves in Central Europe. Against this background, the significance of human-biometeorologically orientated urban planning strategies is increasing by which the impairment of thermal comfort for people in cities in the future can be minimised. Such strategies require quantitative information on factors determining human thermal comf
Nitrogen (N) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems is complex since it involves the closely interwoven processes of both N uptake by plants and microbial turnover of a variety of N metabolites. Major interactions between plants and microorganisms involve competition for the same N species, provision of plant nutrients by microorganisms and labile carbon (C) supply to microorganisms by plants via root
Plant growth, reproduction, and biomass allocation may be affected differently by nitrogen availability depending on tree size and age. In this context, competition for limited N may be avoided by different strategies of N acquisition between different vegetation components (i.e., seedlings, mature trees, other woody and herbaceous understorey). This study investigated in a field experiment whethe
Economic activities and everyday life may create weekly variations in concentrations of air pollutants in urban settings. The present study contributes to this experience on the example of two typical medium-sized towns in Central Europe, Szeged and Freiburg considering the following air pollutants: NO, NO2, O3, Ox and PM10. Five-year data sets of hourly observations (1997-2001) collected in downt
This article examines the role of private defence investment as part of the efforts to define the scope and meaning of EU social sustainability, at a time of increased EU investment interest in the aerospace and defence industry (A&D). One of the central questions posed by private investors, civil society and international legal scholars alike is, in fact, whether investment in the production
ABSTRACT The efficacy of cryosurgery for skin cancers is believed to depend on thaw time, which may be influenced by the presence of adrenaline in local anaesthetics due to its vasoconstrictive effects. This is the first study to perform detailed, non-invasive temperature measurements using infrared (IR) thermography during cryosurgery for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), evaluating the impact of adr
Africa's historical borderlands are persistently associated with low levels of economic development. This paper examines how these regions respond to development interventions, analysing whether the long-run development advantage associated with colonial Christian missions persists near historical homeland borders. Combining georeferenced data on 3,365 pioneering mission stations with high-resolut
BACKGROUND: Current diagnostic criteria for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) require history of orthostatic intolerance and heart rate elevation of ≥30 bpm in adults or ≥40 bpm in adolescents during a 10-minute standing or a tilt table test. Many patients with orthostatic intolerance experience autonomic dysfunction and functional impairment despite not meeting the required heart r
Despite the prevalence of slavery in world history, our understanding of its persistence remains limited. Most previous studies focus primarily on slavery as a labour contract, indistinguishable from other coercive arrangements such as serfdom. More recent literature on slavery in the United States shows that enslaved people also played an important role as financial instruments. In this article,
The economic history of British colonialism in Southern Africa is defined by three interrelated dynamics: the initial expansion driven by chartered companies, a substantial influx of European settlers, and the establishment of racially segregated, unequal Neo-European societies. In this chapter, we show how the discovery of minerals in the nineteenth century radically reshaped the economic and soc
Understanding the determinants that influence parents’ decisions to participate with their infants in primary prevention trials is essential for achieving representative study samples and ensuring the generalizability of outcomes. We analyzed quantitative and qualitative data collected from infants eligible for the Primary Oral Insulin Trial (N= 2,750) or the Supplementation with B. INfantis for M
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey-V (SDSS-V) Magellanic Genesis Survey is a spectroscopic program designed to map the kinematic and chemical structure of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) using APOGEE and BOSS spectroscopy. This overview describes the survey’s design, target selection, and science goals and highlights some first results using these data. In the inner regions of the Large and Small Magellanic
Protest and activism are endemic and potent features of many nations’ political life and critical potential counters to democratic backsliding and authoritarianism. In this review article, we meta-analytically examine six decades of research findings on what explains participation, focusing particularly on two well-studied protest forms: marches and demonstrations. Focusing on these iconic and com
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a powerful technique for the rapid and sensitive detection of pesticide residues, particularly targeted pesticides of concern in food safety. However, hotspot intensification strategies in hydrogel-based SERS substrates that rely on solvent-exchange-induced shrinkage often suffer from concomitant analyte loss, thereby limiting detection relia
This thesis comprises three papers in the field of proof complexity, in which the objects of study are certificates of unsatisfiability. In algebraic proof complexity, the aim is to prove lower bounds on the complexity of certifying that there is no common root of a given set of polynomials. We will be especially concerned with the polynomial calculus proof system, where this is accomplished by it
Sulfur compounds in coal release sulfur oxides during thermochemical conversion, causing environmental pollution in the form of acid rain when discharged into the air. There is thus a significant need to develop efficient, environmentally friendly coal desulfurization technologies. This work studied Zhundong coal desulfurization using supercritical carbon dioxide-cosolvent systems experimentally a
Climate change is disproportionately warming the Arctic, leading to changes in weather patterns that affect breeding phenology for many Arctic species. Despite extensive research on non-predatory birds, few studies have examined the impacts of climate change on higher trophic levels, especially those comparing breeding phenology and productivity between migratory and resident species. Our study us
Background: The global shift to sustainable diets has raised interest in plant-based protein sources, particularly pulses, due to their nutritional value, health benefits, and low environmental impact. Pulses are rich in protein, dietary fiber, and a variety of bioactive compounds that may influence gut microbiota and metabolic health. Objective: This narrative review aims to evaluate the role of
Background: Septic arthritis (SA) is considered the most harmful etiology in patients presenting with an acutely painful swollen knee. This study aimed to estimate the incidence, mortality rate, and cause of death among patients diagnosed with SA and compare it to non-infectious causes. Methods: We conducted a population-based observational cohort study in Skåne, southern Sweden, with a population
