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Agroforestry systems – combining trees with crops and/or livestock – are increasingly promoted as sustainable and climate-resilient land-use strategies. Despite their widespread presence in the Sahel, experimental data on their potential as carbon sinks are scarce. This study presents a full-year, high-frequency dataset of CO2 fluxes in a Sahelian agro-silvo-pastoral parkland dominated by Faidherb
During land model development, simulated carbon dynamics are often benchmarked against observational data sets to evaluate model performance. Functional relationship benchmarks are the relationship between a driving variable (e.g., temperature) and a response variable (e.g., ecosystem respiration) and are a promising tool for assessing model performance by evaluating modeled sensitivities to chang
The paper relates to the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in software engineering practice. The nature of Generative Artificial Intelligence is introduced. Drawing upon the literature of the field, the positive benefits of AI use are considered and discussed in relation to some of the drawbacks and challenges involved. The discussion then moves on to examine the views of professionals, as
Educational drama is a proven method for anti-bullying education, but its traditional reliance on teachers and peers limits its accessibility to children and families outside of school. HCI has rarely explored how to augment this practice with AI-infused, interactive role-playing or how to involve parents in the process. We introduce DOLLama, an AI-powered projection-augmented interactive system t
Alternative Food Networks are an important reaction to the global food system, and an abundant literature already debates the nature and significance of these different ways of organizing the production and exchange of food. Much of this discussion pivots around whether AFNs offer an alternative to how the food system is organised by the market. Nonetheless, the very notion of what it means for an
Introduction Breathlessness limits exercise training intensity in people with chronic lung disease (CLD). Stimulation of the trigeminal nerve via fan-to-face (F2F) therapy (facial airflow) can reduce exertional breathlessness and improve exercise endurance in CLD. This randomised controlled trial tested the hypothesis that adding F2F therapy to an exercise training programme could enhance the bene
Nutritional ecology is a key determinant of bee health, yet species-specific preferences and how bees respond nutritionally to real-world pesticide exposure remain unclear. We collected pollen stores from three managed bee species in 128 sites across two widespread agro-ecosystems (i.e., oilseed rape fields and apple orchards) in eight European countries. We measured protein content, lipid content
Oligomers are transient toxic species in amyloidoses such as Alzheimer's disease. The binding of oligomers by human chaperone proteins has been inferred from the lack of detectable interactions with monomeric amyloid proteins and delay of fibril formation at sub-stoichiometric chaperone to monomer molar ratios. In this study, we provide direct experimental evidence for the binding of the human cha
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) are the Milky Way’s nearest interacting galaxy pair, offering a unique laboratory for studying tidal effects on galactic disks. Despite extensive survey efforts, the 3D geometry of the Magellanic Clouds, particularly the putative warp of the LMC, remains poorly constrained due to incompleteness in their crowded centers and the low s
The aim of this work is to integrate a machine-learning (ML)-based meta-model into a conventional structural vibration model in a componentwise manner using dynamic substructuring. In dynamic substructuring, the finite element (FE) method is one of the popular ways of modeling substructures. In this study, we theoretically examine dynamic substructuring formulations for cases where an ML-based met
Context: Even within the physiological range, serum calcium (sCa++) may influence vascular tone and blood pressure (BP); however, the potential modulatory role of dietary calcium intake remains unclear. Objective: To investigate the association between sCa2+ and BP (including central BP) and to assess whether calcium intake affects this relationship. Methods: sCa2+ was measured in patients referre
Bygg- och fastighetssektorn står för en betydande del av Sveriges och EU:s energianvändning och klimatpåverkan. Samtidigt ökar behovet av energieffektiva bostäder i takt med befolkningstillväxt och ökade krav på klimatanpassning och hållbarhet. Energieffektivisering inom byggnadssektorn lyfts därför fram som en central åtgärd för att minska energianvändning och växthusgasutsläpp. Utöver tekniska lBygg- och fastighetssektorn står för en betydande del av Sveriges och EU:s energianvändning och klimatpåverkan. Samtidigt ökar behovet av energieffektiva bostädeThis thesis investigates how window airing behavior affects indoor environment and energy use in residential buildings. The study focuses on the relationship between airing, indoor temperature, CO₂ concentration, and how different represen
This study investigates Scanian Swedes’ dialect identification ability of seven Swedish regional dialects. Particularly, the study aims to find out whether or not the scientific division of Swedish dialect regions more or less overlap with actual speakers’ ability to differentiate between dialects. It also investigates some idiosyncratic participant variables that affect dialect identification abi
Various factors may impact the process of reading. The depth of the orthography influences the reading strategy for readers of shallow and deep orthographies because the complexity of the mapping between graphemes and phonemes increases with depth. In this thesis, reading comprehension in Danish, considered a deep orthography, is examined. While phonological awareness is commonly recognized as an
Flowing curls, serpentine tresses, and golden or darkened locks haunt fin-de-siècle Gothic fiction, where feminine hair emerges as both an object of aesthetic fascination and a mythic site of seduction, monstrosity, and feminine excess. This thesis examines the representation of feminine hair in fin-de-siècle Gothic fiction, focusing on how hair functions as a site of cultural anxieties surroundin
TFNP studies the complexity of total, verifiable search problems, and represents the first layer of the total function polynomial hierarchy (TFPH). Recently, problems in higher levels of the TFPH have gained significant attention, partly due to their close connection to circuit lower bounds. However, very little is known about the relationships between problems in levels of the hierarchy beyond TF
The complexity class PPP contains all total search problems many-one reducible to the Pigeon problem, where we are given a succinct encoding of a function mapping n+1 pigeons to n holes, and must output two pigeons that collide in a hole. PPP is one of the “original five” syntactically-defined subclasses of TFNP, and has been extensively studied due to the strong connections between its defining p
In their seminal work, Atserias et al. and independently Pipatsrisawat and Darwiche in 2009 showed that CDCL solvers can simulate resolution proofs with polynomial overhead. However, previous work does not address the tightness of the simulation, i.e., the question of how large this overhead needs to be. In this paper, we address this question by focusing on an important property of proofs generat
