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Antipsychotic drugs (APD) are commonly prescribed to people living with dementia (PwD) to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), despite well-documented safety concerns. International guidelines recommend non-pharmacological interventions as first-line treatment, yet APDs remain widely used. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesize current evidence on the conse
Abstract INTRODUCTION Countries have varying, limited healthcare budgets for emerging disease-modifying therapies. Cost-effectiveness analysis, combined with country-level cost-effectiveness thresholds, can be used to estimate value-based prices (VBPs) for lecanemab and donanemab across 174 countries. METHODS The cost-effectiveness of lecanemab and donanemab was estimated using incremental cost an
Background Carotid and coronary atherosclerosis are critical determinants of cardiovascular risk, yet their interrelationship in middle-aged populations is incompletely understood. This study assessed carotid plaque composition, risk-factor associations, coronary disease, and sex differences in a subclinical cohort. Methods Within the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, 533 asymptomatic indivi
Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious vector-borne neurological disease in Europe, with a complex transmission cycle involving ticks of genus Ixodes, animal hosts, environmental and climatic determinants. Methods: We modelled annual Geocoded Swedish TBE case data for the period 2005–2023 as a log-Gaussian Cox process in relation to population, environmental and climate data, and w
Background: Quantitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, with substantial variation in positivity thresholds across countries. This study examines how these thresholds affect FIT's diagnostic performance for detecting CRC and advanced precancerous lesions (APCL). Methods: We analyzed data from a single round screening of 7398 men and women aged
Standardized Care Pathway (SCP) for patients presenting with macroscopic haematuria was introduced in Sweden in 2015. In contrast to neighbouring countries, the Swedish model includes all patients with macroscopic haematuria above the age of 50, notwithstanding obvious causes. The aim of this study was to characterize the patients referred within the SCP and the presence of acute cystitis.All pati
Background: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are generally more sedentary and engage less in physical activity (PA) than their peers. Despite increasing evidence of benefits, practical guidance on implementing adapted PA programs in real-world settings remains limited. This study aimed to document iterative adaptations, implementation processes, and participant experi
Aquifer classification plays a pivotal role in understanding groundwater dynamics and informing sustainable water resource management, especially in regions under significant stress from over-extraction. This study presents a novel remote sensing-based methodology for classifying aquifers represented by monitoring wells within the study area. The approach integrates stress-strain analysis, incorpo
Aim: Healthcare services are in need of tools that can help to ensure a sufficient capacity in periods with high prevalence of respiratory tract infections (RTIs). During the COVID-19 pandemic, we forecasted the number of hospital admissions for RTIs among children aged 0–5 years. Now, in 2024, we aim to examine the accuracy and usefulness of our forecast models. Methods: We conducted a retrospect
The study is devoted to the development of the 2DCAM hardware and software complex for the physical modeling of the two-coordinate positioning system of the additional video camera of the UAV using the Simulink environment. DYNAMIXEL actuator systems were used to create a complex prototype. They combine DC motor, reduction gearhead, controller, driver and network components.The AH-12A actuator is
Idag lever allt fler människor under förhållanden som definieras som prekära. Även i avancerade välfärdssamhällen lyckas inte de traditionella trygghetssystemen erkänna och hantera de nya sociala risker som dessa grupper inom ”prekariatet” ställs inför. Bland dessa grupper finner vi migrantkvinnor med osäker rättslig ställning. Denna forskning undersöker hur aktörer i akademin och i civilsamhälletIn advanced welfare societies, traditional welfare programs are failing to recognize and respond to new social risks faced by groups in precarious life situations, including migrant women. This research explore how actors in academic and civil society settings recognize and frame the struggles of migrant women with precarious legal status, particularly in terms of gender-based violence (GBV) and a
This study presents a digital solution for inducing visually-induced motion sickness (VIMS) using a head-mounted display (HMD) in a virtual environment. By digitally replicating off vertical axis rotation by adopting the Epley Omniax Chair, we induce sensory conflicts between the visual and vestibular systems through rotational vection, alongside optokinetic stimulation inspired by the Optoki-neti
Interpretation of data from faint dwarf galaxies is made challenging by observations limited to only the brightest stars. We present a major improvement to tackle this challenge by undertaking zoomed cosmological simulations that resolve the evolution of all individual stars more massive than 0.5 M⊙, thereby explicitly tracking all observable stars for the Hubble time. For the first time, we predi
Studying the behavior of multiple participants using networked eye-tracking setups is of increasing interest to researchers. However, to conduct such studies, researchers have had to create complicated ad hoc solutions for streaming gaze over a local network. Here we present TittaLSL, a toolbox that enables creating networked multi-participant experiments using Tobii eye trackers with minimal prog
Accurate quantification in emission tomography is essential for internal radiopharmaceutical therapy dosimetry. Mean activity concentration measurements in objects with diameters less than 10 times the full width at half maximum of the imaging system’s spatial resolution are significantly affected (>10%) by the partial-volume effect. This study develops a framework for PET and SPECT spatial resolu
A critical challenge in developing anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis is to design high-performance AEMs with chemical and mechanical stability under harsh alkaline environments. Herein, we report the rational design and synthesis of QP(T-3-Pip) featuring flexibly linked isomeric piperidinium cations via a Friedel-Crafts polyhydroxyalkylation between terphenyl and commercial 3-piperi
ObjectiveSputum cultures can guide antibiotic therapy, particularly in severe pneumonia or when resistant pathogens are suspected. However, data on how prior and ongoing antibiotic exposure affects microbial detection are limited. This study aimed to evaluate this impact, stratified by timing and route of administration.MethodsIn- and outpatients from nine hospitals in Skåne, Sweden, who submitted
Acute dyspnoea is one of the most common presenting symptoms in the emergency department (ED) and has a variety of underlying causes. Calprotectin is a neutrophil activation marker associated with adverse outcomes in acute cardiovascular and infectious diseases. However, the usefulness of calprotectin in the risk stratification of patients with acute dyspnoea is unknown. The objectives were to, in
Phlorotannins, the polyphenols mostly found in brown seaweeds, have attracted high attention from the pharmaceutical industry in recent years due to their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. These properties make them desirable to be utilized in a wide range of therapeutics. Despite their importance, several challenges make their extractability and identification complex,
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in water represents a current problem for marine life and a future serious issue for human health. This is pushing towards new approaches for the removal of MPs and, hence, their characterization and evaluation, which up to now has represented a limit for tentative procedures for their degradation. Herein, we reported on a new facile, in situ and non-destructive
