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Background: Reliable, valid, and easy-to-administer instruments to identify possible caseness and to provide proxies for clinical diagnoses are needed in epidemiological research on child and adolescent mental health. The aim of this study is to provide further validity data for a parent telephone interview focused on Autism - Tics, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and other Comor
Over-the-air multi-probe setups provide an efficient way to characterize the performance of today’s advanced wireless communication systems. In this paper the measurement uncertainty of such a setup using a car as a test object is characterized through three experiments: measurement system analysis, channel sounder measurements, and probe coupling measurements. Four issues were in focus for the an
Popular Abstract in Swedish Stroke, eller slaganfall, är en sammanfattande benämning på sjukdomar som drabbar blodförsörjningen i hjärnan. Varje år insjuknar cirka 30000 personer i Sverige i stroke, av dessa drabbas cirka 15% av blödningar medan resterande 85% får infarkter, dvs blodpropp i hjärnan. Stroke upptar fler vårddagar i slutenvården än någon annan somatisk sjukdom. Medianåldern för insjuBackground Stroke is a serious vascular disorder that comprises intracerebral hemorrhages, subarachnoid hemorrhages and ischemic stroke (IS). The etiology of stroke, including hereditary components induced by cellular mechanisms, is therefore a research field of vital importance. The aim of this thesis was to assess possible genetic impact on stroke risk. We thus evaluated family history of strok
A rapid method for the determination of the sum of free desmosine and isodesmosine in human plasma and urine is described. Efficient sample clean-up prior to LC-MS/MS analysis is mandatory for detection of free desmosines in plasma samples. The combination of ultra-filtration and a two-step solid phase extraction minimizes the sample complexity and ion suppression effects. The flow through from th
In cerebral palsy (CP) there is an increased risk of scoliosis. It is important to identify a progressive scoliosis early-on because the results of surgery depend on the magnitude of the curve. The Swedish follow-up program for cerebral palsy (CPUP) includes clinical examinations of the spine. The reliability and validity of the assessment method have not been studied. In this study we evaluate th
For many common global diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases there is an unmet need for diagnosing early indications of disease that could enable medical intervention and early treatment. For example, cigarette smoking causes a variety of deadly diseases including lung cancer, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular
Background: Early childhood environmental exposures, possibly infections, may be responsible for triggering islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) follows children with increased HLA-related genetic risk for future T1D. TEDDY asks parents to prospectively record the child's infections using a diary book. The pres
Objective. To identify predictors as free-text markers for mental ill-health from an electronic perinatal record (EMR) system and the association with emergency cesarean section (CS) in nulliparous women. Material and methods. This was a population-based study using an EMR system, set in the catchment area of Malmö University Hospital in Sweden. Of 10 662 nulliparous women presenting with a single
Background: Age, gender and socioeconomic status have been shown to be associated with the use of prescription drugs, even after adjustment for multimorbidity. General practitioners have a holistic and patient-centred perspective and our hypothesis is that this may reflect on the prescription of drugs. In Sweden the patient may seek secondary care without a letter of referral and the liability of
The thesis explores the potential of one way of facilitating and stimulating collaboration in Library and Information Science (LIS), through a specific scientific collaboration activity: creating, sharing and reusing data collection instruments, such as interview guides, questionnaires, and observation protocols. The four studies reported in the thesis can be read as a linear narrative, each study
Food security can be defined as stable access to food of good nutritional quality. In Sub Saharan Africa access to food is strongly linked to local food production and the capacity to generate enough calories to sustain the local population. Therefore it is important in these regions to generate not only sufficiently high yields but also to reduce interannual variability in food production. Tradit
If water stays on wood surfaces or is trapped in gaps, the wood is supplied with water for a long period of time and high local moisture contents are reached. This can lead to decay by rot fungi, and it is therefore important to avoid such water traps in order to limit the decay rate. This paper presents two methods: one for determination of duration of surface moisture on wood surfaces and one fo
The rate coefficients for the chemical reactions (species loss rates, quenching excluded) of the refrigerants CH2F2 (HFC-32), CHClF2 (HFC-22) and CH2FCF3 (HFC-134a), and the solvent CH3CCl3 with O(D-1) are determined relative to CH4 + O(D-1) at 298 K. The resulting rates k(CH2F2 + O(D-1)) = (4.78 +/- 1.03) x 10 (11) cm(3) molecule (1) s (1), k(CHClF2 + O(D-1)) = (8.69 +/- 1.72) x 10 (11) cm(3) mol
Eae5 in rats was originally identified in two F-2 intercrosses, (DA x BN) and (E3 X DA), displaying linkage to CNS inflammation and disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), respectively. This region overlaps with an arthritis locus, Pia4, which was also identified in the (E3 X DA) cross. Two congenic strains, BN.DA-Eae5 and BN.DA-Eae5.R1, encompassing the previously des
The complete mitochondrial genomes of two reptiles, the common iguana (Iguana iguana) and the caiman (Caiman crocodylus), were sequenced in order to investigate phylogenetic questions of tetrapod evolution. The addition of the two species allows analysis of reptilian relationships using data sets other than those including only fast-evolving species. The crocodilian mitochondrial genomes seem to h
Pressurized liquid extractions were performed on eight sediments in order to investigate if a modified US EPA method (100 degrees C, 100 bar, n-heptane/acetone (1:1), 2 x 5 min) provided exhaustive extractions of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sediment, and to study if the extractability of PCBs from the different sediments was affected by characteristics of the sediment. The recovery from
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-derived peptides (CARTp) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) alter feeding and gastrointestinal function after central administration, and the gastric inhibitory effects are mediated through CRF. We hypothesized that dorsal hindbrain effects of CARTp on gastric emptying are mediated by the vagus nerve and that the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) is a s
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Personal computers (PC) have become an indispensable product in modern life. Along with the growing volume of computers, the environmental burden and impact at the end-of-life phase known as e-waste become significant. Considering the material-intensive nature of the production of computers, and the environmental burdens caused by landfills, incinerations and improper recycling activities, persona
