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The Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) is a widely used measure of the value of mortality risk reduction. Since VSL should reflect preferences and attitudes to risk, there are reasons to believe that it varies depending on the type of risk involved. It has been argued that cancer should be considered a “dread disease”, which supports the use of a “cancer premium”. The objective of this study is to
The identification of carotid atheromatous plaques associated to a higher neurologic risk may be important in therapeutic decision making for asymptomatic patients and symptomatic patients with 50%-70% stenosis. The introduction of high-definition ultrasonography (HDU) and computer-assisted image analysis provides the possibility of a standard, objective and detailed characterization of the struct
Objectives: To describe and evaluate the two-year outcome on cognition (MMSE, ADAS-cog) and global rating (CIBIC) of galantamine treatment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in a routine clinical setting. Methods: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is an open, longitudinal, multicenter study evaluating cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment in AD. Patients are investigated at baseline, at 2
The aim was to determine whether outcome of unrelated donor transplantation for severe aplastic anemia has improved in recent years and whether this is due to patient selection or better transplant technology. We analyzed 498 patients transplanted during 1990-2005. By running univariate regression models dichotomizing year of transplantation we defined 1998 as the year of the most significant chan
alpha(1)-Microglobulin is a 26-kd protein, widespread in plasma and tissues and well-conserved among vertebrates. alpha(1)-Microglobulin belongs to the lipocalins, a protein superfamily with highly conserved 3-dimensional structures, forming an internal ligand binding pocket. The protein, isolated from urine, has a heterogeneous yellow-brown chromophore bound covalently to amino acid side groups a
The native bee fauna provides an important ecosystem function, but a large proportion of this fauna in Europe is threatened as a result of habitat loss and fragmentation. The solitary bee Andrena hattorfiana is specialised on collecting pollen from the plant-family Dipsacaceae. In northern Europe the major pollen resource is the insect-pollinated herb Knautia arvensis. We quantified the available
To investigate cross-cultural validity of a simple self-report instrument of physical activity intended to be used in Swedish health care. Methods: A validation study performed in 599 Iraqis (58% men) and 553 Swedes (53% men) aged 30-75 years living in the city of Malmö, Sweden. The self-report instrument by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare was compared to corresponding measures as
During a Swedish-Russian expedition to northern Siberia 1994, we sampled two marginal populations of two Carex species at two high arctic sites (C. stuns Drej. on Faddeyevsky Island and C. ensifolia V. Krecz ssp, arctisibirica Jurtz. at north-eastern Taymyr Peninsula), both north of previously documented localities in that areas for the two species. These populations were composed of a few distinc
Background: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the aromatase inhibitor exemestane in patients with advanced, persistent or recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Methods: We performed an open-label one-arm, two-stage, phase II study of 25 mg of oral exemestane in 51 patients with advanced (FIGO stage III-IV) or relapsed endometrioid endometrial cancer. Patients were stratified into subsets of estro
Objectives. To study the correlation between Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann facial grading systems at different time points during the course of peripheral facial palsy. Study Design. Prospective multicenter trial. Setting. Seventeen otorhinolaryngological centers. Subjects and Methods. Data are part of the Scandinavian Bell's palsy study. The facial function of 1920 patients with peripheral facia
Popular Abstract in Swedish Malmö erbjuder speciellt goda möjligheter till epidemiologiska studier, därför att all sjukhusbunden vård erbjuds av ett enda sjukhus som dessutom i stort sett endast täcker Malmös egna behov. Därtill kommer att nu avlidne professor Folke Linell redan under 1950-talet insåg den stora betydelsen för sjukvårdens kvalitet av en omfattande obduktionsverksamhet. Under periodIn the present thesis incidence, survival, mortality, cure and prognosis in invasive breast cancer in Malmö was studied over a 30 year period. Validated data from the Cancer Registry and the Cause of Death Registry were used. In the process of validation systematical biases were identified in both registers. The incidence increased over time and was strongly related to increases in diagnostic acti
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund: Öroninflammation är vanligt förekommande i barnaåren. De flesta barn har haft minst en episod med akut varig öroninflammation (AOM) och/eller en period med vätska i mellanörat (SOM) före skolstart. De flesta får enstaka episoder, frekvensen av AOM avtar i 2-års åldern och frekvensen av SOM avtar före skolstart. Efter en AOM episod är det vanligt att man under Objective: Most preschool children have suffered from at least one episode of acute otitis media (AOM) and/or secretory otitis media (SOM). Some children have frequent AOM episodes and/or prolonged and recurrent episodes of secretory otitis media (SOM). The long-term out-come and sequelae are not fully clarified. Subjects and methods: Out of a birth cohort followed to the age of 3 years, 12 child
Responses to isotonic quick releases of rabbit urinary bladder strips and rat portal veins activated by AC-stimulation and K+-high medium were studied. The AC stimulation was adjusted to give the same tension as th K+-contractures. Releases were performed at peak of the contractions (which was attained after 1.5-4.5 s AC-stimulation or 2-3 min in K+-high solution). The length response consisted of
The effect of moderate hypoglycaemia (venous blood glucose 2.0 +/- 0.2 mmol/l; mean +/- SD) on regional cerebral blood flow and cerebral volume was studied in a group of ten right-handed patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (age 26.0 +/- 2.4 years, duration 18.4 +/- 3.8 years) using an intravenous Xenon 133 single photon emission computed tomography technique. After 10 min of
The efficacy and safety of an advanced category recombinant antihaemophilic factor produced by a plasma- and albumin-free method (rAHF-PFM) was studied in 111 previously treated subjects with haemophilia A. The study comprised a randomized, double-blinded, crossover pharmacokinetic comparison of rAHF-PFM and RECOMBINATE rAHF (R-FVIII); prophylaxis (three to four times per week with 25-40 IU kg(-1)
Background: It has been suggested that exhaled breath temperature (EBT) is increased in asthmatic subjects. Objectives: Our aim was to investigate EBT in asthmatics compared to healthy controls before and after eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) and a methacholine challenge test (MCT). Methods: A total of 26 asthmatics and 29 healthy controls were included. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (
Allocation of donors with regard to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is controversial in heart transplantation. This paper is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched systematically for studies that addressed the effects of HLA matching on outcome after heart transplantation. Fifty-seven studies met the eligibility criteri
Single-strand RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in many aspects of RNA metabolism and in the regulation of gene transcription. The RBP RBM3 was recently suggested to be a proto-oncogene in colorectal cancer; however, such a role has not been corroborated by previous studies in the colon or other tumor types, and the prognostic implications of tumor-specific RBM3 expression remain unclear. M
Abstract Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitor was fabricated on the InGaAs substrate with Al2O3/HfO2 gate oxide. InGaAs is one of the promising candidates for advanced applications which require the lower power supply and high frequency. The high-k films (Al2O3/HfO2) were formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as an alternative to silicon dioxide (SiO2) to proceed the scaling of oxide to low
Snö, glaciärer och regn över bergsområden möjliggör dricksvatten för miljoner av människor och fungerar som vattenreservoar för hela ekosystem. Under rådande klimatförändringar har smältande glaciärer i Himalaya blivit ett känt hot mot framtida dricksvattenförsörjning, men glaciärerna är inte de enda processer som påverkar tillgången på vatten. För att ta beslut som säkrar framtida vattentillgänglIn the central Himalayas, water dynamics are expected to change due to multiple factors like climate change, hydro power development and shifting land use practices. This thesis looks at possible changes in water dynamics in Marsyandi river basin, Nepal, as well as causes to those changes and how they are perceived locally. Grounded in critical physical geography, the study uses mixed methods an
