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A number of optically pure 1,3-diols have been synthesized and used as catalysts in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes. Enantiomeric excesses of up to 92% of (R)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol were obtained with anisylbicyclo[2.2.2] octanediol (14) as a catalyst. Using 2-picolylbicyclo[ 2.2.2] ocatanediol (16) as the catalyst resulted in a reversal of the stereoselectivity, yielding
We present new synthetic broad-band photometric colors for late-type giants based on synthetic spectra calculated with the PHOENIX model atmosphere code. The grid covers effective temperatures T-eff = 3000... 5000 K, gravities log g = - 0.5... + 3.5, and metallicities [M/H] = + 0.5... - 4.0. We show that individual broad-band photometric colors are strongly affected by model parameters such as mol
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling studeras skolsituationen för elever med båda föräldrarna födda utomlands. Samband mellan elevernas bakgrund, övriga faktorer som i tidigare forskning visat sig betydelsefulla och skolresultat identifieras och analyseras. Studien utgår från de data som insamlades inom ramen för "Det nationella programmet för utvärdering", som genomfördes 1992. UtvärderThe overall purpose of this study was to provide knowledge about the school situation of pupils in Sweden whose parents were both born abroad. The connections between the pupils’ background, other factors shown to be significant in earlier studies, and school results have been identified and analysed. The study was based on the data compiled as part of the National Programme of Evaluation, which w
PURPOSE: A spin-echo diffusion-sensitized pulse sequence using high gradients (23 mT/m) is introduced. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to minimize motion artefacts, velocity-compensating gradients, ECG-triggering and post-processing with phase correction and raw data averaging using navigator echoes was performed. The in vitro ratio of diffusion coefficients for water and acetone was determined and
As part of a project aimed at developing models for photosystem II (PSII) in green plants, we have prepared a series of model compounds (7, 8, and 13). In these compounds, a photosensitizer, ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridyl) complex (to mimic the function of P-680 in PSII), was covalently linked to a manganese(II) ion through different bridging ligands. The structures of the compounds were characteriz
Most of the world's energy generation is based on fossil fuels such as coal and oil, which already today but even more in the future, will cause various problems. One issue is their limited availability, which stands in conflict to the increasing global energy consumption. Another problem is the carbon dioxide generation caused by burning fossil fuels for energy production, and is thought to be on
This paper describes a methodology for measuring theological flow properties in-line, in real-time, based on simultaneous measurements of velocity profiles using an ultrasound velocity profiling (UVP) technique with pressure difference (PD) technology. The methodology allows measurements that are rapid, non-destructive and non-invasive and has several advantages over methods presented previously.
OBJECTIVE: Free radicals formed after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion are assumed to produce myocardial stunning and possibly other forms of reperfusion injury as well. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end product in the lipid peroxidation chain reaction and is frequently used as a marker for free oxygen radical production. Increased levels of plasma MDA have been found following successful t
We have previously described the evaluation of a cDNA microarray platform to identify and clone mutated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genes, using their transcriptionally defective mutant alleles (S. Zakhrabekova, C.G. Karmangara, D. von Wettstein, M. Hansson, A microarray approach for identification of mutated genes, Plant Physiol. Biochem. 40 (2002) 189-197). It was concluded that competitive hybr
I södra sjukvårdsregionen har ett arbete inletts för att kontinuerligt genomföra sakkunniga granskningar (sk peer review) av traumasjukvården inom regionen. I en första granskningsomgång har sex akutsjukhus deltagit. Resultaten har sammanställts i ett granskningsdokument, som gett upphov till såväl uppmärksamhet och diskussion som konkreta åtgärder på det granskade sjukhuset. Granskningsdokument
Dynamic susceptibility-contrast (DSC) MRI requires deconvolution to retrieve the tissue residue function R(t) and the cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this study, deconvolution of time-series data was performed by wavelet-transform-based denoising combined with the Fourier transform (FT). Traditional FT-based deconvolution of noisy data requires frequency-domain filtering, often leading to excessive
The use of test coverage measures (e.g., block coverage) to control the software test process has become an increasingly common practice. This is justified by the assumption that higher test coverage helps achieve higher defect coverage and therefore improves software quality. In practice, data often shows that defect coverage and test coverage grow over time, as additional testing is performed. H
We evaluated 2 consecutive cohorts of patients with primary trapeziometacarpal arthrosis 1 year after either first metacarpal osteotomy or trapezial excision with abductor pollicis longus tendon arthroplasty. At follow-up, 4 of 7 patients treated with osteotomy had pain at rest and/or with light activities and were dissatisfied with the results of surgery, all 4 had advanced (stage III) preoperati
