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As a solution to solving energy consumption and environment problems, photovoltaics has become one type of the promising devices to convert solar energy into electricity directly. In some special areas like in space, a kind of photovoltaics with lightweight and reliable properties is needed to supply power. Therefore, photovoltaics based on the group III-V semiconductor nanowires has been emerged
Perovskite solar cells are among the most exciting photovoltaic systems as they combine low recombination losses, ease of fabrication, and high spectral tunability. The Achilles heel of this technology is the device stability due to the ionic nature of the perovskite crystal, rendering it highly hygroscopic, and the extensive diffusion of ions especially at increased temperatures. Herein, we demon
Resolving the structural dynamics of the initial steps of chemical reactions is challenging. We report the femtosecond time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering of the photodissociation of diiodomethane in cyclohexane. The data reveal with structural detail how the molecule dissociates into radicals, how the radicals collide with the solvent, and how they form the photoisomer. We extract how trans
Quantum calorimetry, the thermal measurement of quanta, is a method of choice for ultrasensitive radiation detection ranging from microwaves to gamma rays. The fundamental temperature fluctuations of the calorimeter, dictated by the coupling of it to the heat bath, set the ultimate lower bound of its energy resolution. Here we reach this limit of fundamental equilibrium fluctuations of temperature
Antibunching effect is typically observed in individual systems possessing photoluminescence (PL) blinking and vice versa. Contrary to this common perception, absence of antibunching in strongly blinking methyl ammonium led tri-iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite crystals of sizes from tens to hundreds of nanometers regardless of the excitation power density is observed. Antibunching effect does not appear
We present a multiscale characterization of aqueous solutions of the bovine eye lens protein βH crystallin from dilute conditions up to dynamical arrest, combining dynamic light scattering, small-angle x-ray scattering, tracer-based microrheology, and neutron spin echo spectroscopy. We obtain a comprehensive explanation of the observed experimental signatures from a model of polydisperse hard sphe
Aim: To compare vibrotactile sense, 5 years after carpal tunnel release in people with and without diabetes. Methods: Out of 35 people with diabetes and carpal tunnel syndrome, age- and gender-matched with 31 people without diabetes but with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, 27 and 30 people, respectively, participated in this prolonged follow-up. Vibration perception threshold of the index and l
Simultaneous hydrogen (H2) evolution and value−added chemicals production are highly attractive but have not drawn enough attention. Here, we demonstrate a hydrogen sulphide (H2S)−induced product−targeting (HIPT) strategy for the coproduction of H2 and valuable chemical feedstocks from Na2S/Na2SO3 via overall H2S splitting using a MnxCd1−xS/CdyMn1−yS catalyst driven by visible light excitation. Wi
According to the Global Burden of Disease study, occupational exposures to particulates, gases and fumes were responsible for 0.36 million deaths and 8.8 million disability-adjusted life years globally in 2015. This thesis focuses on two occupational groups that are at risk for developing adverse health effects from the time they spend in their working environments: cleaning workers and workers in
Great attention has been paid to developing low bandgap non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for matching wide bandgap donor polymers to increase the photocurrent and therefore the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of NFA organic solar cells, while pyrene-core based acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) NFAs have been mainly reported via the 2,9-position connection due to their bisthieno[3′,2′-b']thienyl[a
Given the photocatalytic properties of semiconducting polymers and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), we report a new structure for a metal-free photocatalytic system with a promising efficiency for hydrogen production through the combination of an organic semiconducting polymer (PFTBTA) and N-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) covered by PS-PEGCOOH to produce heterostructured photocatalysts in the form o
Afhandlingens empiriske udgangspunkt er Bornholms vikingetidsskatte (ca. 850-ca. 1150), med særlig fokus på 34 udgravede lokaliteter, der i hidtil uset skala gør det muligt, at inddrage den arkæologiske kontekst i tolkningen af skattenes betydninger. I afhandlingen opstilles tre forskningsspørgsmål: 1) Afspejler skattene de mennesker, der akkumulerede, håndterede og deponerede dem, og er det muligThe empirical focus of this thesis is the Viking age hoards of Bornholm (c. 850 -c. 1150). Special emphasis is laid on 34 excavated hoard sites, which in unprecedented scale enable us to include the archeological context in the interpretation of Viking age hoards. Three research questions are asked: 1) Do hoards reflect the persons that accumulated, handled and deposited them, and is it possible t
In this communication, we present the phase diagram of CsPb(BrxI1-x)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 300-585 K) obtained by high-throughput in situ GIWAXS measurements of a combinatorial thin film library. We find that all compositions convert to the cubic perovskite phase at high temperature and that the presence of bromide in the films stabilizes the metastable perovskite phases upon cool down. In accordance with
Background and purpose — Obesity is a considerable medical challenge in society. We investigated the risk of revision for any reasons and for infection in patients having total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis (OA) within 2 years after bariatric surgery (BS) and compared them with TKAs without BS. Patients and methods — We used the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg) and the Sw
We prepared triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconverters combining thin-film methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) perovskite with a rubrene annihilator in a bilayer structure. Excitation of the perovskite film leads to delayed, upconverted photoluminescence emitted from the annihilator layer, with triplet excitation of the rubrene being driven by carriers excited in the perovskite layer. To bette
Recently, intense research activities have been focused on solution-processed hybrid lead halide perovskite semiconductors which are being developed for the solar-cell, light emitting diode (LED), and lasing applications. To optimize and fabricate a competitive perovskite-based optoelectronic device, the fundamental studies of the electronic structure, photo-generated carrier dynamics as well as t
A new modification of a table-Top laser-driven water-jet plasma X-ray source has been successfully implemented and commissioned at the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) Beamlines user facility. In order to preserve the broadband nature of the source for spectroscopic experiments, a polycapillary lens was initially chosen as the focusing element. Generally, polycapillary X-ray optics have a narrow
Plasmon hot carriers are interesting for photoredox chemical synthesis but their direct utilization is limited by their ultrafast thermalization. Therefore, they are often transferred to suitable accepting materials that expedite their lifetime. Solid-state photocatalysts are technologically more suitable than their molecular counterparts, but their photophysical processes are harder to follow due
Rationale: Symptom relief is a key treatment goal in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are limited data available on the response to bronchodilator therapy in patients at low risk of exacerbations with different levels of symptom severity. This study compared treatment responses in patients with a range of symptom severities as indicated by baseline COPD as
