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Popular Abstract in Swedish En amfifil molekyl innebär en molekyl som består av två delar, en som är hydrofil (“vattenälskande”) och en som är hydrofob (“vattenhatande”). Ofta består den amfifila molekylen av en ”vattenälskande” huvudgrupp och en ”vattenhatande” svans och kallas för surfaktant. Detta beteende ger amfifila molekyler speciella egenskaper. En av de viktigaste egenskaperna är att de kIn this thesis temperature induced vesicle formation in both a block copolymer system and nonionic surfactant system have been investigated. The block copolymer is a triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), PEO-PPO-PEO, with the average molecular composition of EO5PO68EO5 and the commercial trade name Pluronic L121 (papers I, II). In the L121 system the for

What is normally described as bias? A possible definition comprises attempts to distort or mislead to achieve a certain perspective, i.e. subjective descriptions intended to mislead. If designers were able to exclude bias from informing systems, then this would maximize their effectiveness. This implicit conjecture appears to underpin much of the research in our field. However, in our efforts to s

Popular Abstract in Swedish Modeller för proteinveckning utvecklas och tillämpas på peptider och små proteiner som har både α-helix- och β-blad-struktur. Energifunktionerna, i vilka effektiva hydrofobicitetskrafter och vätebindningar är de två centrala termerna, är helt sekvensbaserade och har medvetet hållits enkla. Den geometriska representationen av proteinkedjorna är däremot detaljerad och harModels for potein folding are developed and applied to peptides and small proteins with both α-helix and β-sheet structure. The energy functions, in which effective hydrophobicity forces and hydrogen bonds are taken to be the two central terms, are sequence-based and deliberately kept simple. The geometric representations of the protein chains are, by contrast, detailed and have torsion angles as

Popular Abstract in Swedish Presenterar resultat inom algoritmer och datastrukturer för att hantera sekventiella data (strängar), med användningar bland annat inom datakomprimering. Särskilt behandlas varianter av suffixträd och näraliggande ämnen, som sortering av suffix. Vad gäller komprimering behandlas modellering av källor med hjälp av både strängbaserade metoder (t.ex. Ziv-Lempel) och probabThis doctoral dissertation presents a range of results concerning efficient algorithms and data structures for string processing, including several schemes contributing to sequential data compression. It comprises both theoretic results and practical implementations. We study the suffix tree data structure, presenting an efficient representation and several generalizations. This includes augmenti

DNA- cationic amphiphile and DNA-cationic polymer systems were studied with respect to the intermolecular interactions, as well as structure and stability of formed complexes. The thesis is divided in two parts: one section is a summary and the other section contains five papers. The summary is organized as follows; Chapter 2 gives an overview on the behavior of polyelectrolytes in solutions with

The mechanisms of protein folding and aggregation are investigated by computer simulations of all-atom and reduced models with sequence-based potentials. A quasi local Monte Carlo update is developed in order to efficiently sample proteins in the folded phase. A small helical protein, the B-domain of staphylococcal protein A, is studied using a reduced model. In the thermodynamically favoured topo

This text offers some principal and methodogical issues on studies of timbre in words, music and vocal performance. Timbral relationships between word and music can be conceptualized as a continuum following an fictive axis running from meaning and timbre of words, through melody and music to performance. Sometimes the order might be different, but the ingredients will always be there. To get a gr

Neutrino physics is one of the fastest growing topic in phenomenological high energy physics. Neutrinos are elementary neutral particles and participate only in the weak interactions. For this reason it is very difficult to detect them experimentally. Nevertheless, much experimental progress has been obtained in the recent years. In particular our knowledge of the neutrino masses and mixing angles

This chapter investigates the tension between mass production and individual well-being, and how the actors who have positioned themselves in this market attract customers and meet their needs. In order to approach these questions, it is grounded in empirical material gathered from two specific spas and the cultural context in which they operate: Varberg Kurort Hotel & Spa and Hasseludden Conf

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kemi finns överallt omkring oss, både i vår omgivning såväl som inuti oss. Vi kanske inte alltid tänker på det, men kemiska processer påverkar oss dagligen och är en förutsättning för vår existens. Det kanske därför inte är så konstigt att människan alltid varit intresserad och fascinerad av just kemi. Ämnet kemi används dock inte bara för att förstå kemiska processer iA considerable part of all chemistry in nature and in industry occurs in solvents. Sol- vents affect both the interactions and the reactions of the particles immersed in them. The work in this thesis concerns the properties of ionic and polar solvents, as well as the interactions between solutes and/or dispersed particles. Molecular simulations and simple approximate theories were used to study th

Baylor and collaborators have demonstrated (Baylor & Plant, 2005; Baylor et. al., 2006) that the use of virtual pedagogical coaches portrayed as young and attractive women can increase the willingness of female students to apply for technical education and to help increase their selfefficacy. Pedagogical processes such as role modelling and identification seem to be involved (cf. Bandura, 1977

This review contains an overview of strong interaction effects in weak decays starting with a historical introduction. It contains a short overview of semileptonic decays and their relevance for measuring CKM matrix elements. The main part is devoted to the theoretical calculation on nonleptonic matrix elements relevant for K⁰-K⁰bar mixing and K to pi pi decays. It concludes

The Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Governance and Politics surveys the broad range of environmental and sustainability challenges in the emerging Anthropocene and scrutinizes available concepts, methodological tools, theories and approaches, as well as overlaps with adjunct fields of study. This comprehensive reference work, written by some of the most eminent academics in the field, contain

We consider a fundamental problem for the betting interpretation of degrees of belief: There is a sense in which degrees of belief cannot be interpreted as betting rates. The bets we are disposed to accept do not reflect our current unconditional degrees of belief in various propositions. Whether a bet on A would be accepted or not does not depend on the agent’s degree of belief in A but rather on