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We have analysed 994 sites for oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes located within human chromosome bands. The data presented disclose that: 1) These cancer genes build ridges as well as hot spots, which are not related to the position of other types of genes present in these chromosomes. 2) The frequency of cancer genes is not directly related to chromosome length, to the number of DNA bases per
Endothelin is a vasoactive peptide that exerts its effect through two receptors; the endothelin type A (ETA) and type B (ETB) receptor. The contractile ETA receptor is localized on smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall, while the ETB receptors are mainly situated on endothelial cells, mediating vasodilatation. The endothelin system is involved in several pathophysiological conditions, such as a
It has been stated many times that the formation of radiation infringements in PbWO4 is to a big extent stipulated by the non-stoichiometry defects of the crystals, arising in the process of their growth and annealing. To refine the idea of characteristics of the non-stoichiometry defects and their effect on the radiation hardness of PbWO4, the current study is aimed at the melt composition infrin
Wider use of oral anticoagulants has led to an increasing frequency of warfarin-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The high early mortality of approximately 50% has remained stable in recent decades. In contrast to spontaneous ICH, the duration of bleeding is, 12 to 24 hours in many patients, offering a longer opportunity for Intervention. Treatment varies widely, and optimal therapy has yet
Starting from a corpus of German spontaneous speech, the phonetic realisations of the two KIM categories medial and late peak were investigated in prenuclear position. The results show that, for both categories, the onset of the rising F0 movement (L) is comparably aligned around the accented-syllable onset, whereas the F0 maximum (H) is independently aligned and predominantly located before the a
The activity of violaxanthin de-epoxidase has been studied both in isolated thylakoids and after partial purification, as a function of pH and ascorbate concentration. We demonstrate that violaxanthin de-epoxidase has a Km for ascorbate that is strongly dependent on pH, with values of 10, 2.5, 1.0 and 0.3 mM at pH 6.0, 5.5, 5.0 and 4.5, respectively. These values can be expressed as a single Km±0.
Cationic surfactants associate strongly to DNA and compact but are often toxic. The interaction of some novel cationic amino acid-based surfactants, which may enhance transfection and appear to be nontoxic, is described. A cationic arginine-based surfactant, ALA, gives in combination with anionic surfactants spontaneously stable vesicles, and special attention is given to the association of these
Aims The main aim of this study was to describe the age at which pathological aortic root dilation occurs in patients with Marfan's syndrome (MFS). Methods and results A total of 160 patients with MFS attending a regional cardiac centre were reviewed retrospectively. Dilation of the ascending aorta was diagnosed by comparing the maximum aortic sinus measurement with control data from the literatur
Simultaneous SO2 and NOx reduction in flue gas by the dry furnace sorbent injection process was simulated with an entrained-flow reactor. Several ammonium salts as well as urea were tested. Urea was found to give the highest NOx removal efficiency. By using urea-limestone sorbent, >90% SO2 removal and >80% NOx removal were obtained at Ca/S and N/NOx ratios both equal to 2. The DeNO(x) process is m
This working paper discusses the different Asian experiences of the Green Revolution from the late 1960s to the 1980s in the perspective of earlier developments of agricultural intensification. The intention of the paper is to identify common features and conditions contributing to the considerable success of Asian agriculture over the past 30 years. The authors argue that the Green Revolution mus
A series of structures of trans-[MX(2)(PBz(3))(2)] [M = Pt, X = Cl(-); PBz(3) = tribenzylphosphine (1), I(-), trans-diiodobis(tribenzylphosphine)platinum(II) (2), and NCS(-), trans-di(thiocyanate)bis(tribenzylphosphine)platinum(II) (3); M = Pd, X = I(-), trans-diiodobis(tribenzylphosphine)palladium(II) (4)] have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. In all compounds each tribenzylphosphine
Glucose-evoked insulin secretion exhibits two phases: The first phase represents exocytosis of insulin granules situated at the plasma membrane, whereas the second phase reflects insulin release from granules continuously recruited to the plasma membrane. This thesis investigates different aspects of phasic insulin secretion, with the specific aims to elucidate the possible contribution of insulin
The influence of pH on membranes of different materials and different cut off has been studied. One ceramic microfiltration membrane and three synthetic ultrafiltration membranes were included in the study. The pH of an acidic (C-stage) and and alkaline (E-stage) bleaching effluent was varied. For the E-stage effluent the membrane performance seemed to be correlated to the cut off of the membrane.
An integrated view on the possible effects of global climate change is provided while taking into account that not only the rising average temperature is likely to impact natural populations but also that increased variation around the mean and higher frequency of extreme events will be important. We propose that complex genetic effects in concert with demographic patterns may affect how focal pop
This thesis is focused on natural killer (NK) T cells. NKT cells recognize lipids and glycolipids, rather than peptides, in the contents of the antigen presenting molecule CD1d. NKT cells have a surface phenotype reminiscent of memory cells, and have been shown to rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines, such as IL-4 and IFN-gamma, upon activation. Because of their rapid response to activation,
