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We study the average-case hardness of establishing that a graph does not have a large clique in both proof and communication complexity. We show exponential lower bounds on the length of cutting planes and bounded-depth resolution over parities refutations of the binary encoding of clique formulas on randomly sampled dense graphs. Moreover, we show that the randomized communication complexity of f
The crisis of the Liberal International Order (LIO) has intensified amid growing great-power competition, the war in Ukraine, and the erosion of multilateral institutions. This Forum examines security assistance (SA)—the training, equipping and support of external security actors—as a critical lens for understanding how this crisis is unfolding and how international order is increasingly contested
For the 1980-2003 period, we analyzed the relationship between crop yield and three climatic variables (minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and precipitation) for 12 major Californian crops: wine grapes, lettuce, almonds, strawberries, table grapes, hay, oranges, cotton, tomatoes, walnuts, avocados, and pistachios. The months and climatic variables of greatest importance to each crop were us
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cell subsets with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and tumor-initiating capacity that sustain cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and relapse. Targeting CSCs therefore represents a promising route to improve the durability of cancer treatment. However, translation of this approach into routine care has been slow because of the biological comple
Nanogenerators are significant in the era of the emerging biodegradable energy harvesting systems, Internet of Things (IoT) application and wearable gadgets, where battery replacement and external power supply are challenging. The rise in energy demand coupled with concerns regarding environmental contamination caused by fossil fuel-based energy generation has spurred research and development of n
Pain avoidant behavior is a predictive factor for reduced function in children with persistent pain. A model to explain this is the Fear-Avoidance Model of Pain (FAM). In FAM pain-related fear plays an important role in the development and maintenance of avoidant behavior. The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Child Report Short Form (FOPQC-SF) was developed to assess pain-related fear in children 8 to 1
We explore three examples of teaching-development activities that aim to promote discussions about teaching among academic staff across several Norwegian Earth System Science departments. The three events are a conference-like annual gathering of students and staff from across the country, a monthly Teaching and Learning themed Journal Club held at a large department with a wide range of research
Understanding the determinants that influence parents’ decisions to participate with their infants in primary prevention trials is essential for achieving representative study samples and ensuring the generalizability of outcomes. We analyzed quantitative and qualitative data collected from infants eligible for the Primary Oral Insulin Trial (N= 2,750) or the Supplementation with B. INfantis for M
In recent years, the exploit of 3D data use in Archaeology and the Cultural Heritage sector in general has caused an exponential multiplication of digital content that can be viewed on the web. Nevertheless, web platforms can display a concerning dualism: on one side some contents are over-represented with the same models uploaded dozens of times even inside the same platform; on the other, the in
This thesis investigates quantum dynamics induced in atoms by ultrashort pulses of light. The work is motivated by recent developments in free-electron lasers, which generate ultrashort pulses of intense, coherent light and enable coherent control of quantum dynamics. We develop theoretical models to study the processes of absorption and emission in laser-atom interactions. Additionally, we study
Abstract på franskaL’émergence de nouvelles formes de loisirs (tels que le cinéma, lesboîtes de nuit, et le théâtre) dans les paysages urbains irakiens a provoquédes débats sur leurs dangers comme de leurs potentiels. Ce processus a léguéun ensemble d’archives textuelles portant sur les pratiques et les institutionsde loisirs aussi vastes qu’éparpillées. En ce qui a trait au cinéma, les archivespeThe emergence of new forms of leisure in Iraqi urban landscapes,such as cinemas, nightclubs, and theaters, unleashed debates about the dangersand potentials of leisure. The result of this process is a vast, albeit scattered,archive of texts that deal with practices and institutions of leisure. The archive ofleisure, as it pertains to cinema, can be located across a variety of texts includingmemoir
Objective of this study was to assess platelet response to clopidogrel and its association with certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the P2RY12 gene. Several studies have shown that patients with poor in vitro response to clopidogrel have worse outcomes after coronary interventions. Pharmacological response to clopidogrel is mediated by the P2Y12 platelet receptor, therefore, SNPs of
Nanoparticles (NPs) are defined as particles that have a diameter less than 100 nm. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs (TiO2 NPs) have gained significant attention in recent years as a possible therapeutic agent due to their unique physiochemical properties. They include tunability of the NPs, effective dopant compatibility, biocompatibility and catalytic properties. The shape and size of the NPs also pl
The work has taken into consideration eight novels written by Russian writer Vladimir Sorokin during last 25 years to follow dynamics and evolution of his authorship in time with global changes in Russia.
The purpose of this study was to examine the coverage of gender, environment and development (GED) issues in the Indian English-language newspapers. A main hypothesis is that the high rate of gender discrimination in India contributes to a gender bias in the coverage of GED stories. The newsworthiness of GED has been examined by use of a frequency analysis. Some key concepts in the study of gender
This report concerns the unequal sex distribution among pilots. The purpose was to find an explanation to why this is, and come up with suggestions for a change. It has been done by studying literature on female pilots and women in non-traditional occupations, and by applying gender theories to their findings and conclusions. To be able to examine the role of the pilot the report starts by introdu
By conceiving identity as endogenously defined and construing other central political concepts according to this assumption, constructivism has proven apt to understand and explain phenomena that eariler were hard to grasp. Constructivist ideas have here been used in order to analyze the events surrounding the Single European Act as a contrast to the more conventional rationalist approach used by
