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On June 30, 2022, a comprehensive amendment to the Employment Protec-tion Act (1982:80) came into effect. The changes aimed to make it easier for employees to enter and secure employment in the labor market, as well as to simplify and provide more flexibility for employers in hiring and terminating employment, thereby reducing the risks associated with hiring. Amongst other changes "general f
Popular Abstract in Swedish I början av 1980-talet rökte ungefär var tredje gravid kvinna i Sverige. Detta innebar att rökning under graviditet var lika vanligt förekommande som rökning bland den vuxna befolkningen i övrigt. Sedan dess har rökningen bland gravida minskat markant och idag är det ungefär 10-12% som röker vid inskrivningen på mödravårdscentralen. Rökning under graviditet är en av deA smoking cessation program targeting pregnant women and their partners was monitored during 17 years and subjected to several substudies. All women in Blekinge, who gave birth in the months of September during the period 1984 to 2000, were asked to fill out a questionnaire, anonymously, about their smoking habits before and during pregnancy. During these years a long-term educational programme co
Bemanningsbranschen har under de senaste årtiondena vuxit kraftigt i Sverige och är idag en etablerad del av arbetsmarknaden. Behovet av att reglera bemanningsbranschen rättsligt insåg EU redan tidigt och efter många turer och skilda åsikter i frågan så kunde EU 2008 beslutaom bemanningsdirektivet. Direktivet skulle vara genomfört i Sverige senast 2011 men blev klart först i januari 2013 då uthyrnThe temporary agency work business has grown considerably over the last decades in Sweden. The need to regulate the business by law was recognized early on by the EU. After a long process and many divergent opinions, the Temporary Agency Work directive was finally agreed upon in 2008. The directive should have been implemented in Sweden in 2011 but the law enforcing it, uthyrningslagen, was not fi
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyse how the composition and in particular the openess of the present-day landscape is reflected in pollen assemblages from surface sediment in lakes. The study is a continuation of an earlier pilot study including thirteen sites and a first step in an attempt to find a method of quantifying ancient cultural landscape in terms of surface areas from fossil p
Innovation is the source of new products and processes that expand the frontiers of competition. Advancements in technology are continuously occurring throughout the world as firms seek to develop new ideas for their products, services and markets. Most technology licensing is pro-competitive and should be encouraged by competition authorities. Nevertheless, in legal and economic spheres the conne
Increased greening, higher vegetation productivity, and shrubification have been observed in Arctic tundra in response to recent warming. Such changes have affected the near‐surface climate through opposing biogeophysical feedbacks (BF) associated with changes to albedo and evapotranspiration. However, the likely spatiotemporal variations of BF to future climate change and the consequences for Arc
Severe droughts in the Northern Hemisphere cause a widespread decline of agricultural yield, the reduction of forest carbon uptake, and increased CO2 growth rates in the atmosphere. Plants respond to droughts by partially closing their stomata to limit their evaporative water loss, at the expense of carbon uptake by photosynthesis. This trade-off maximizes their water-use efficiency (WUE), as meas
The education of our children is one of the most important assignments for society. The facilities where education is conducted have been seen as one important part of a good educational result. In order to create good facilities the lighting situation has for long been seen as one important factor both concerning daylight and electrical lighting. The chapter describes the development of research
On St. Paul Island, a remnant of the Bering Land Bridge, woolly mammoths persisted until 5,600 yr BP with no known predators or competitors, providing a natural system for studying hypothesized environmental drivers of extinction. These include overheating due to rising temperatures, starvation, and drought. Here, we test these hypotheses using Niche Mapper and LPJ-GUESS to mechanistically estimat
Although natural terrestrial ecosystems have sequestered ∼25% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, the long-term sustainability of this key ecosystem service is under question. Forests have traditionally been viewed as robust carbon (C) sinks; however, extreme heat-waves, drought and wildfire have increased tree mortality, particularly in widespread semi-arid regions, which account for ∼41% of Earth's
Two patients with Parkinson's disease who underwent implantation of fetal mesencephalic tissue into the putamen were serially studied using positron emission tomography and [18F]6-L-fluorodopa ([18F]dopa). The uptake of [18F]dopa is related to the functional integrity of the presynaptic dopaminergic system. Preoperative studies revealed a marked decrease in putamen [18F]dopa uptake, with lesser in
BACKGROUND. Understanding the genetic architecture of cardiac structure and function may help to prevent and treat heart disease. This investigation sought to identify common genetic variations associated with inter-individual variability in cardiac structure and function. METHODS. A GWAS meta-analysis of echocardiographic traits was performed, including 46,533 individuals from 30 studies (EchoGen
In this article, we illustrate the creation of the education policy paradigm that constitutes the framework of vocational education and training (VET) programmes, and analyse local school representatives’ perception of VET in upper secondary schools in Sweden. The education policy paradigm, established through three periods of reform during the twentieth century, undervalues VET as being less wort
Medical students’ access to clinical supervision when rotating through hospital workplaces and the quality of that supervision are and have been an area of growing professional and societal concern. Increased training measures targeted at supervising physicians have been suggested to address this issue. Traditionally, such training has focused on offering physicians opportunities to develop as sup
Peatlands are important carbon reserves in terrestrial ecosystems. The microtopography of a peatland area has a strong influence on its carbon balance, determining carbon fluxes at a range of spatial scales. These patterned surfaces are very sensitive to changing climatic conditions. There are open research questions concerning the stability, behaviour and transformation of these microstructures,
Background: Cross-sectional genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with blood lipids and related cardiovascular traits, but few genetic association studies have focused on long-term changes in blood lipids. Methods: Participants from the GLACIER Study (Nmax = 3492) were genotyped with the MetaboChip array, from which 29 387 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms
Why should we teach tourism at universities?This presentation targets the question of why tourism should be part of university education. Presently, this is questioned by colleagues in traditional academic disciplines as well as by parts of the tourism industry, which are somewhat reluctant to employ people with a university degree. It is thus time for this matter to be raised. If we are to answer
Supplying food for the anticipated global population of over 9 billion in 2050 under changing climate conditions is one of the major challenges of the 21st century. Agricultural expansion and intensification contributes to global environmental change and risks the long-term sustainability of the planet. It has been proposed that no more than 15% of the global ice-free land surface should be conver
This paper presents the assimilation of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) into a terrestrial biosphere model to estimate the gross uptake of carbon through photosynthesis (GPP). We use the BETHY-SCOPE model to simulate both GPP and SIF using a process-based formulation, going beyond a simple linear scaling between the two. We then use satellite SIF data from the Orbiting Carbon Observat
