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OBJECTIVE - Stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. However, the scant evidence available is not population-based, restricting the external validity of the findings. Our aim was to test associations between stressful life events, their accumulation, and the metabolic syndrome in a large population-based cohort. We also tested associations between stress and the indivi
Insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is a fundamental physiological process, and its impairment plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes. Mathematical modeling of insulin secretion has a long history, both on the level of the entire body and on the cellular and subcellular scale. However, little direct communication between these disparate scales has been included in mathematica
OBJECTIVE-Although insulin resistance (IR) may underlie associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes, previous findings have been contradictory. We examined whether depressive symptoms associate with IR and insulin secretion, and, additionally, whether antidepressant medication use may modulate such associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 4,419 individuals underwent an oral g
Insulin plays an important metabolic and transmitter role in the central nervous system, but few studies have investigated the relationship between central and peripheral insulin concentrations. 35 patients undergoing knee surgery had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples drawn before, 3 h after, and in the morning following surgery. Serum insulin concentrations increased after surgery and CSF insulin
Monte Carlo simulations and coarse-grained modelling have been used to analyze Histatin 5, which is an unstructured short cationic salivary peptide known to have anti-candidical properties. The calculated scattering functions have been compared with intensity curves and the distance distribution function P(r) obtained from SAXS, at both high and low salt concentrations. The aim is to achieve a mol
Building on a previous thesis, which focused on the historical emergence and transformations of different conceptions of so-called human rights cities (HRCs), this study focuses on the ramifications of operationalising the concept in practice in two cities on the Indonesian island Java. The thesis adopts sociological- and discursive new institutionalism as a point of departure for its analysis, lo
To address wicked issues, public authorities depend on each other. Yet an ongoing trend within contemporary public administration has been to streamline and decentralize welfare service. Consequently, the need for public agencies to work through inter-organisational collaborations has increased. Substantial knowledge of how this works in practice is however lacking. The aim of this thesis is to u
International students at Lund University are constantly engaged with their mobile devices. Communication conducted through these devices across a variety of digital and social media platforms facilitates a significant amount of everyday communication, on both a local and transnational level. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine how these increasingly digitally mediated communicative pract
Recent years have seen great changes to Chinese women’s period-tracking practice, shifting from the method of pen and paper to smartphone applications, and from women-only practice to practice involves men. This study explores such transformations by looking at a specific app named Easy Period in China and users practice with it by using qualitative methods (textual analysis and semi-structured in
Vocational education and training (VET) is generally believed to be a tool for the promotion of youth employability ('VET for work') and economic productivity ('VET for growth'). This rather narrow understanding has been challenged by a growing number of development scholars, who argue that it fails both theoretically (to capture the complex nature of human beings), and practically
Vascular plant observances were compiled for 10 well-documented parishes throughout southernmost Sweden from published floras, herbarium specimens, modern inventories, and a large citizen-science database to provide presence/absence of species from 1800-2020 at the decade level. A regionally-specific database of species-specific plant traits and ecological indicator values was used to examine flor
Conventional urban planning doesn’t fit anymore the complexity of new urban challenges (heat island effect, biodiversity loss, human health issues). Instead, alternative methods must coexist with existing strategies for municipalities to be more flexible to changes and stay innovative. This research advocates the use of vacant land in cities for urban agriculture. As a nature-based solution, vacan
Across the globe, persons with disabilities do not enjoy equitable access to social, economic, and human capital compared to their non-disabled counterparts, and are politically, economically and culturally disenfranchised. Ghana ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2012 and is thereby obliged to amend their national disability laws, making them compatible w
The event of the Hambantota port, Sri Lanka’s major port, raised concerns about the Belt Road Initiative. The Sri Lankan government had to hand over the country’s most important port to the Chinese government due to the inability to pay back its loans owed to China. Similar cases have been noticed in other participating countries of the Belt Road Initiative. However, the Chinese government does no
Introduction: Obesity and health complications surrounding it have been on rise for a long time due to various factors where lifestyle is one of the most certain causes. Individuals following poor diet, specifically the western pattern diet or anything that comprises an excess of sugars and fats are prone to cardiometabolic diseases. Thus, modifications in the diet have the potential to prevent th
Idag bor cirka en miljard människor i världen i informella bosättningar och saknar tillgång till avfalls- och sanitetstjänster samt stadsinfrastruktur. I Rio de Janeiro bor cirka 1,4 miljoner människor, en fjärdedel av stadsbefolkningen, i informella bosättningar, eller favelor som det heter i Brasilien. Bristerna i stadens avfallshanteringssystem manifesterar sig huvudsakligen genom ansamling av Today, about one billion people in the world live in informal settlements and lack access to basic services and city infrastructure. In Rio de Janeiro, approximately 1,4 million people, one fourth of the city population, live in informal settlements, in Brazil called favelas. The insufficiency of the city’s waste services mainly manifests itself through accumulation of waste in public spaces in th
When street-level bureaucrats implement conflict-ridden policies in the field of cash benefits, attitude matters. This thesis illustrates that through several interviews with caseworkers working in various jobcentres in Danish municipalities and implementing ‘Jobreform fase 1’. ‘Jobreform fase 1’ is a Danish reform containing a so-called ‘ceiling’ to the cash benefits and a 225-hour rul. It was fo
The first radiographic scoring system for pulmonary cystic fibrosis was presented in 1958. Since then a multitude of scoring systems for radiography and computed tomography (CT) have been presented, recently also for tomosynthesis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of the current review was to analyse and compare the plethora of scoring systems for cystic fibrosis, especially regarding
Background: The Gtr1 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a member of the RagA subfamily of the Ras-like small GTPase superfamily. Gtr1 has been implicated in various cellular processes. Particularly, the Switch regions in the GTPase domain of Gtr1 are essential for TORC1 activation and amino acid signaling [R. Gong, L. Li, Y. Liu, P. Wang, H. Yang, L. Wang, J. Cheng, K. L. Guan, Y. Xu, Genes De
