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Previous research indicates that firms pay a premium to poach workers from exporting firms if experience working for an internationally engaged firm reduces trade costs. Because international experience is less valuable to non-exporters, we would expect to see differences in recruitments between firms that are internationally engaged and those that serve only the domestic market. Moreover, increas
The chemical and biological conversion of biomass-derived lignin is a promising pathway for producing valuable low molecular weight aromatic chemicals, such as vanillin or guaiacol, known as lignin monomers (LMs). Various methods employing chromatography and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) have been developed for LM analysis, but the impact of LM chemical properties on analytica
Observed rotational bands that terminate or appear to terminate at very high spin are analyzed within the configuration constrained cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (unpaired CNS or CNSB with pairing) formalism. Spin values for the nuclei discussed reach or come close to the maximum spin that can be built within the Z,N=50-82 shells. Configurations are distinguished not only by the number of particles i
It has been shown in several previous studies that the implementation of risk-reducing interventions or adoption of safer behaviours is considerably less amongst individuals with low sociodemographic status. In turn, this has led to an increasing inequality of mortality risk and a considerable challenge for societal actors. Decreasing economic hurdles, that is, making safety interventions cheaper,
Background: Sleep and behavioral regulation are both vital for early healthy development. Yet, little is known about the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to early sleep and regulatory behaviors, or how these etiological influences may change during the first months of life. Methods: Genetic and environmental influences on sleep, settle, and crying behaviors at 2 and 5 mon
In recent years, countries, regions, municipalities and the EU Commission have introduced a significant number of innovation policy initiatives under the banner of ‘missions’, ‘societal challenges’, sustainability, and ‘transformation’, or systemic change. In parallel, there has been a rapidly growing body of literature seeking to analyze or assess these real-world manifestations of attempts to pi
Wall-bounded turbulence is relevant for many engineering and natural science applications, yet there are still aspects of its underlying physics that are not fully understood, particularly at high Reynolds numbers. In this study, we investigate fully developed turbulent pipe flows at moderate-to-high friction velocity Reynolds numbers ( 361 ≤ R e τ ≤ 2000 ), corresponding to bulk velocity-based Re
We build a model to predict from first principles the properties of major mergers. We predict these from the coalescence of peaks and saddle points in the vicinity of a given larger peak, as one increases the smoothing scale in the initial linear density field as a proxy for cosmic time. To refine our results, we also ensure, using a suite of ∼400 power-law Gaussian random fields smoothed at ∼30 d
Horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase was immobilized on glycerylpropyl-silica (10 μm, 1000-Å pores) activated with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride (tresyl chloride). The coupling and activity yield was almost 100%. The coenzyme-binding sites were equivalent and virtually unaffected by the immobilization process, as judged from Scatchard plots and active-site titrations. The silica-bound enzyme
Operating the HCCI engine with dual fuels with a large difference in auto-ignition characteristics (octane number) is one way to control the HCCI operation. The effect of octane number on combustion, emissions and engine performance in a 6-cylinder SCANIA truck engine, fuelled with n-heptane and isooctane, and running in HCCI mode, are investigated numerically and compared with measurements taken
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mobility devices (MDs) such as walking sticks, rollators and wheelchairs, often play an important role for older people living at home, striving to remain independent in everyday activities. The aim of this study was to explore how the use of MDs changes over time among very old people in five European countries. METHODS: Empirical data from the ENABLE-AGE Survey Study, part o
To improve testability of integrated circuits against manufacturing defects, and to better handle the complexity of modern designs during debugging and characterization, it is common to embed testing, debugging, configuration, and monitoring features (called on-chip instruments) within the chip. IEEE P1687 proposes a flexible network for accessing and operating such on-chip instruments from outsid
Thread Level Speculation (TLS) has been suggested as a mean to automatically (or semi-automatically) extract parallelism from sequential programs. While there have been multiple attempts both in hardware and software to implement real time TLS, to the best of our knowledge all attempts have so far been on a byte code level or with statically typed languages. In this study, we examine the potential
Primary effects of road traffic noise on sleep, as derived from EEG, EOG, and EMG, were studied for seven young males (aged 21–27) in their homes along roads with heavy traffic during the night. A more quiet experimental condition was obtained by mounting sound-insulating material in the window openings, thus reducing the interiors noise level by an average of 8 dB(A). The present investigation sh
A constitutive theory is proposed, which possesses the possibilities of modelling all the important features or the behaviour or frictional materials such as: influence of all three stress invariants, coupling between deviatoric and volumetric response, dilatancy, softening, and different behaviour in loading and unloading. The basic constitutive assumptions are relations between properly defined
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal disease. The only option for curative treatment is resection of the tumor followed by standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Yet, early relapse due to chemoresistance is almost inevitable. Herein, we delineated the genetic intratumor heterogeneity in resected PDAC, with the aim to identify evolutionary patterns that may be associated with ov
The interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data is of interest in a number of fields. In Ögren (2014) local boundary conditions for random walk simulations of NMR relaxation in digital domains were presented. Here, we have applied those boundary conditions to large, three-dimensional (3D) porous media samples. We compared the random walk results with known solutions and then applied th
Introduction: Surface Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) is being increasingly implemented into clinical practiceacross a number of techniques and irradiation-sites. This technology, which is provided by different vendors, canbe used with most simulation- and delivery-systems. However, limited guidelines and the complexity of clinicalsettings have led to diverse patterns of operation. With the aim to
