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We present X-ray source catalogs for the ≈7 Ms exposure of the Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S), which covers a total area of 484.2 arcmin2. Utilizing wavdetect for initial source detection and ACIS Extract for photometric extraction and significance assessment, we create a main source catalog containing 1008 sources that are detected in up to three X-ray bands: 0.5-7.0 keV, 0.5-2.0 keV, and 2-7 k
China uses half the world’s annual coal consumption, since coal is the primary energy source for heating in urban areas, particularly in northern China. This entails significant challenges for urban air quality in China and for the global climate. Unlike the electricity and transportation sectors, the heating sector has received little attention from policy and research actors in China, despite ve
The constant need for higher performance and more advanced functionality has made the design and manufacturing of modern electronic chips highly demanding. Moreover, the use of smaller transistors in modern chips has increased their sensitivity to aging and faults, hence the need to constantly monitor the correct operation of these chips. To address the challenges and requirements, it has become c
Characterization of highly duplicated genes, such as genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), where multiple loci often co-amplify, has until recently been hindered by insufficient read depths per amplicon. Here, we used ultra-deep Illumina sequencing to resolve genotypes at exon 3 of MHC class I genes in the sedge warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus). We sequenced 24 individuals in tw
In boreal bogs plant species are low in number, but they differ greatly in their growth forms and photosynthetic properties. We assessed how ecosystem carbon (C) sink dynamics were affected by seasonal variations in the photosynthetic rate and leaf area of different species. Photosynthetic properties (light response parameters), leaf area development and areal cover (abundance) of the species were
The inflammatory milieu plays an important role in colon cancer development and progression. Previously, we have shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), an important component of the tumor microenvironment, are enriched in tumors compared with normal tissue and confer a poorer prognosis. In the present study, we found that matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), which degrades extracellular mat
Background: The fractalkine/CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) pathway has been identified to play an essential role in the chemotaxis of microglia, leukocyte trafficking and microglia/macrophage recruitment. It has also been shown to be important in the regulation of the inflammatory response in the early phase after experimental stroke. The present study was performed to investigate if CX3CR1 de
In 2015, the world's first self-defined feminist government was formed in Sweden with the explicit ambition of pursuing a feminist foreign policy. This essay seeks to unpack and highlight some of the substance and plausible future directions of a feminist foreign policy. The overarching ambition is three-fold: (1) to probe the normative contents of feminist foreign policy in theory and in practice
Stars in open clusters are expected to share an identical abundance pattern. Establishing the level of chemical homogeneity in a given open cluster deserves further study as it is the basis of the concept of chemical tagging to unravel the history of theMilkyWay.M67 is particularly interesting given its solar metallicity and age as well as being a dense cluster environment.We conducted a strictly
To address the importance of antigen-presenting cells for the survival of intracerebral neural allografts, allogeneic spleen cells were added to the graft tissue before transplantation. Dissociated embryonic, dopamine-rich mesencephalic and adult spleen tissues were prepared from either inbred Lewis or Sprague-Dawley rats. A mixture of neural and spleen cells was sterotaxically transplanted into t
Pancreastatin, a C-terminally amidated peptide derived from chromogranin A, is known to inhibit insulin secretion, pancreatic enzyme release, and gastric acid secretion. It also inhibits parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in animals. The physiologic and clinical relevance of pancreastatin in humans, however, is not known. Because pancreastatin has been found in parathyroid adenomas, we investigat
Background Human epidermal growth factors 2 and 3 (HER2 and HER3) are members of the EGFR family that drives oncogenesis mainly through activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway. While the prognostic value of HER2 and HER3 alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains uncertain, KRAS and BRAF mutations confer resistance to targeted therapies and poor prognosis. Sidedness of the primary tumour has
Purpose: An increasing number of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) tumors exhibit neuroendocrine (NE) features. NE prostate cancer (NEPC) has poor prognosis, and its development is poorly understood. Experimental Design: We applied mass spectrometry–based proteomics to a unique set of 17 prostate cancer patient–derived xenografts (PDX) to characterize the effects of castration in vivo, a
The role of hereditary factors in lung cancer is less well understood than in many other human neoplastic diseases. We used a nation-wide family dataset to search for evidence for a genetic predisposition in lung cancer. The Swedish Family-Cancer Database includes all Swedes born in 1932 and later (0- to 68-year-old offspring) with their parents, totaling over 10.2 million individuals. Cancer case
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of exercise therapy on molecular biomarkers related to cartilage and inflammation in people at risk of, or with established, knee osteoarthritis by conducting a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).METHODS: Literature search up to September 2017 in five major databases with no restriction on publication year or language. Data were extracted
Objective: To explore how antenatal parental education is provided in southern Sweden and midwives’ experiences of it. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with data collection from 66 antenatal clinics and 189 midwives during 2016. Descriptive and comparative statistics, chi-square and t-tests, were used to present the findings. Results: Antenatal parental education was most commonly offered in smal
Poor air quality is a leading contributor to the global disease burden and total number of deaths worldwide. Humans spend most of their time in built environments where the majority of the inhalation exposure occurs. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is challenged by outdoor air pollution entering indoors through ventilation and infiltration and by indoor emission sources. The aim of this study was to unde
Kolloider, partiklar i storleksordningen en nanometer till en mikrometer, är inom materialvetenskapen attraktiva byggstenar vid konstruktion av olika material eftersom de spontant organiserar sig i periodiska strukturer. Till skillnad från biologiska kolloider såsom proteiner, röda blodkroppar, bakterier och virus, är de syntetiska kolloider som man har tillgång till inom materialvetenskapen i regColloidal self-assembly is an attractive bottom-up approach to new superstructures and materials with new properties. However, the typical spherical shape and isotropic interaction potential limit the repertoire of ordered structures that can be obtained from synthetic colloids. In order to expand the repertoire of structures, much effort has over the last decades been directed towards the prepara
Introduction: Prehospital and hospital emergency care guidelines have been developed for patients with suspected hip fracture. Initial radiography can identify a number of patients with other injuries, generally pelvic fractures and hip contusions. Little is known about the prognosis for these patients. The aim of this study is twofold: i) to investigate the injury pattern of patients assessed in
Climate change has made urban decarbonisation a global imperative. Cities are both a source of emissions and a leverage-point for the necessary transformation processes. Iceland is blessed with an ample supply of renewable energy sources. Hydropower and geothermal are widespread in the country and they dominate the country’s electricity and district heating systems. Despite this huge potential, pe
