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Background Drug use disorder (DUD) clusters in families due partly to shared environment, including sibling influences. Low academic achievement (AA) in adolescence increases DUD risk. This study examined whether low AA in an older sibling causally increases DUD risk in younger siblings. Methods We studied all Swedish full sibling pairs (n = 309,666) born 1972–1985 and ≤ 5 years apart. Older sibli
The current curriculum requires a well functioning school library and an active use of it. In junior school grades 1-3 the children primarily learn basic skills. Knowledge about libraries and how to use them and different media is part of these skills. Therefore my intention was to investigate how school libraries in junior schools look, how they are used in the training and how they could be used
Bayesian optimization is a widely used method for optimizing expensive black-box functions, with Expected Improvement being one of the most commonly used acquisition functions. In contrast, information-theoretic acquisition functions aim to reduce uncertainty about the function's optimum and are often considered fundamentally distinct from EI. In this work, we challenge this prevailing perspective
Recent work reported that simple Bayesian optimization methods perform well for high-dimensional real-world tasks, seemingly contradicting prior work and tribal knowledge. This paper investigates the 'why'. We identify fundamental challenges that arise in high-dimensional Bayesian optimization and explain why recent methods succeed. Our analysis shows that vanishing gradients caused by Gaussian pr
This study presents a measurement campaign with an ultra-large-scale antenna array in both Line-of-Sight (LoS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) outdoor scenarios. Measurements were conducted at a center frequency of 15 GHz with a bandwidth of 4 GHz. A virtual 40×40 planar antenna array, formed by moving a vertically-polarized bi-conical omni-directional antenna (ODA) along regularly spaced grids, was
Clog is a declarative language for describing static code checkers for C. Clog is a dialect of Datalog and adds syntactic pattern matching over the C language. We have built Clog using the MetaDL framework and the Clang C compiler frontend. The MetaDL framework supports Datalog evaluation and syntactic patterns, while the Clang frontend provides AST facts and an AST matching mechanism.We provide t
Many software language tools use declarative domain-specific languages (DDSLs) to implement parts of their functionality, such as context-free grammars for parsing or inference rules for type analysis. For interoperability and ease of use, DDSLs often rely on embedded general-purpose language (GPL) code fragments, as in the semantic actions of parser specifications, but require that these GPL frag
We propose and analyze a novel scheme based on LDPC codes for quantitative group testing. The key underlying idea is to augment the bipartite graph by introducing hidden non-binary variables to strengthen the message-passing decoder. This is achieved by grouping items into bundles of size q within the test matrix, while keeping the testing procedure unaffected. The decoder, inspired by some works
Background and purpose: The CardioSwitch-study demonstrated that patients with solid tumors who develop cardiotoxicity on capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment can be safely switched to S-1, an alternative fluoropyrimidine (FP). In light of the European Medicines Agency approval of S-1 in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), this analysis provides more detailed safety and efficacy inform
Indoor sensing is challenging because of the multi-bounce effect, spherical wavefront, and spatial nonstationarity (SNS) of the near-field effect. This paper addresses radio-based environment sensing considering these issues. Specifically, graph theory (GT) is used to model the multi-bounce propagation of the near field. In this manner, indoor reflectors/scatterers are modeled as vertices in a pro
We exhibit supercritical trade-off for monotone circuits, showing that there are functions computable by small circuits for which any small circuit must have depth superlinear or even super-polynomial in the number of variables, far exceeding the linear worst-case upper bound. We obtain similar trade-offs in proof complexity, where we establish the first size-depth trade-offs for cutting planes an
Background: Elderly individuals with chronic conditions or acute illnesses are major drivers of hospitalization, with frail patients frequently utilizing emergency department (ED) services. To ease this burden, many countries offer home-based medical services. In Region Halland, Sweden, a mobile team intervention in municipal home care (MHC) was introduced to support frail elderly patients. This s
This letter proposes a novel, low-cost, single-layer filtering antenna (filtenna) for wireless communications. The design consists of a compact circular substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, a centrally offset metal post for feeding, and a slot radiator for efficient radiation. It is based on an SIW coaxial line and utilizes multiple TM and quasi-TM modes. Unlike filtennas that rely on inli
The number of users and the information transmitted over wireless networks have been growing constantly during the last decades. Nowadays, the pace of this growth is extremely sharp because of the new applications which heavily rely on wireless networks to meet users' demands. Wireless networks infrastructures are constantly developing to meet these demands. Massive multiple-input multiple-output
Dual-band shared-aperture Fabry-Pérot cavity (DS-FPC) antennas with single-layer partially reflective surface (PRS) are inherently limited in the achievable frequency ratio. This paper analyzes such antennas to derive the feasible range of frequency ratio and thereafter proposes a dual-band shared-aperture antenna that can fill the frequency ratio gap. The novel design integrates a short backfire
The integration of automation and data-driven methodologies offers a promising approach to accelerating materials discovery in energy storage research. Thus far, in battery research, coin-cell assembly has advanced to become nearly fully automated but remains largely disconnected from data-driven methods. To bridge the disconnect, this work presents a self-driving laboratory framework to accelerat
Many algorithms in computer graphics make use of acceleration structures such as Bounding Volume Hierarchies (BVHs) to speed up performance critical tasks, such as collision detection or ray-tracing. However, while the typical algorithms for constructing BVHs are relatively simple, actually implementing them for performance critical systems is still challenging. Further, to construct them as quick
In this paper we present the concept for a teleoperation system for semi-autonomous robotic boats using virtual reality. This system can be used for monitoring autonomous driving as well as for direct manual control. The integration of live sensor data is possible as well as the integration of past measurement results and their correct registration within the virtual representation. Initial field
Programming is a cognitively demanding exercise. In particular, today’s software development requires a collective effort of programmers and the orchestration of a complex programming infrastructure. As disruptive technologies emerge, e.g., AI and quantum computing, the programming practice is undergoing a change, facing an uncertain future that we may not be able to accurately predict but can env
