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We aimed to investigate the causal effect of circulating uric acid concentrations on type 2 diabetes risk. A Mendelian randomization study was performed using a genetic score with 24 uric acid associated loci. We used data of the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study, comprising 24,265 individuals of European ancestry from eight European countries. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 10 (4) years, 10,576 ve
Aerosol effects on low-level clouds over the Nordic Countries are investigated by combining in situ ground-based aerosol measurements with remote sensing data of clouds and precipitation. Ten years of number size distribution data from two aerosol measurement stations (Vavihill, Sweden and Hyytiälä, Finland) provide aerosol number concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer. This is combined
While negative effects of human disturbance on animals living above the ground have been widely reported, few studies have considered effects on animals occupying cavities or burrows underground. It is generally assumed that, in the absence of direct visual contact, such species are less vulnerable to disturbance. Seabird colonies can support large populations of burrow- and cavity-nesting species
AimTo assess which factors are associated with change in quality of life of people with dementia who have recently been admitted to long-term care facilities. BackgroundMany people with dementia will be admitted to long-term care facilities at some point during their disease. It is currently unknown which factors are associated with improvement and/or deterioration of quality of life immediately f
Purpose: Bladder outlet obstruction leads to bladder enlargement and subsequent decreases in contractile function in vivo and in vitro. We determined whether there were regional differences in bladder wall properties and in vitro contractile responses after 2 weeks of bladder outlet obstruction. Materials and Methods: Male rabbits underwent cystometry. The bladder was then filled to 40 ml. and the
The complex salt (ionic surfactant + polymeric counterion) cetyltrimethylammonium polyacrylate (CTAPA) has been synthesized, and its aqueous mixtures with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) have been studied. These mixtures differ from conventional oppositely charged polymer/surfactant mixtures in that the conventional counterion of the polyion (usually sodium, for the polyacrylate) is absent,
PURPOSE: To study endovascular graft attachment with self-expanding Gianturco Z-stents and balloon-expanded Palmaz stents and the effect of these devices on the renal ostia. METHODS: Ten stent-grafts were constructed, 5 with Gianturco Z-stents and 5 with Palmaz stents. The endografts were implanted under fluoroscopic guidance into the abdominal aorta of 10 pigs so that the uncovered portion of the
Background: Cellular interactions elicited by Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein antigen 1 (PfEMP1) are brought about by multiple DBL ( Duffy binding like), CIDR ( cysteine-rich interdomain region) and C2 domain types. Elucidation of the functional and structural characteristics of these domains is contingent on the abundant availability of recombinant protein in a soluble form. A
The focus of this thesis is on modeling and control of the Open Plate Reactor (OPR), a new heat exchange reactor being developed by Alfa Laval AB. It combines intensified mixing with enhanced heat transfer capacity into one operation. With the novel concept, highly exothermic reactions can be produced using more concentrated reactants, thus saving time and energy in the subsequent separation stage
Electroencephalography (EEG) and neuroradiology are both indispensible techniques in cases of suspected epileptic seizure, when the aim of investigation is to determine whether the seizure was of epileptic nature, and if so whether it was the result of specific provocative factors or an expression of epileptic disease. In the latter case, the epileptic condition should be classified and its aetiol
n this study, we show that costimulation required for mucosal IgA responses is strikingly different from that needed for systemic responses, including serum IgA. Following oral immunization with cholera toxin (CT) adjuvant we found that whereas CTLA4-H{gamma}1 transgenic mice largely failed to respond, CD28-/- mice developed near normal gut mucosal IgA responses but poor serum Ab responses. The lo
In 98 patients undergoing elective vascular surgery, specimens for bacterial cultures were obtained from urine, ischaemic ulcers, incisional wounds and the implanted grafts. Wound and graft infections were registered and compared with the results of these cultures and suspected risk factors in an attempt to find the source of infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis with cefuroxime was given for 24 h be
List-sequence (LS) decoding has the potential to yield significant coding gain additional to that of conventional single-sequence decoding, and it can be implemented with full backward compatibility in systems where an error-detecting code is concatenated with an error-correcting code. LS maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding provides a list of estimated sequences in likelihood order. For convolutional
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den viktigaste uppgiften inom den kliniska cytologin är att påvisa cancerceller i olika typer av cellprover. Många olika cancertumörer sprider sig till lungsäcken och bukhålan och ger då ofta upphov till vätska (exsudat) som innehåller cancerceller. Ofta kan cancerdiagnosen ställas på grundval av cellernas utseende men detta är inte alltid möjligt, eftersom cancerceller
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate if the uptake of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), a widely used industrial chemical, increases after exposure to NMP in humid air compared to dry air. NMP has been described to be an airway irritant and a developmentally to
We previously reported that soluble decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR) blocked coxsackievirus 133 (CVB3) myocarditis in mice, but only soluble CAR blocked CVB3-mediated pancreatitis. Here, we report that the in vitro mechanisms of viral inhibition by these soluble receptors also differ. Soluble DAF inhibited virus infection through the formation of reversi
Aims: Guidelines for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention cite high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as a major risk factor and recommend LDL-C goals for various risk groups. Lifestyle changes are advised as first-line treatment for patients with high cholesterol, and statins are recommended in high-risk patients. The From The Heart study investigated current practice for t
Aims: The mechanical properties of arteries play a major role in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac performance. The effect of sympathetic stimulation on the mechanical properties of the proximal brachial artery was analysed in 18 healthy volunteers, nine young (25 +/- 2 years) and nine elderly (69 +/- 2 years). Methods: A non-invasive ultrasonic echo-tracking system for measurement of s
