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This issue of the AILA Review focuses on transdisciplinarity as the key to developing shared languages in and across domains and professional settings. The relationship and collaboration between researchers and practitioners have long been discussed within and across applied sciences and theoretical disciplines, mainly in the framework of transdisciplinarity (see AILA Review 31, 2018, for a recent
Are daughters of older mothers less fertile? The human mutation rate is high and increases with chronological age. As female oocytes age, they become less functional, reducing female chances at successful reproduction. Increased oocyte mutation loads at advanced age may be passed on to offspring, decreasing fertility among daughters born to older mothers. In this paper we study the effects of mate
The cellular interior is a dense environment. Understanding how such an environment impacts the properties of proteins and other macromolecules, as well as how weak, non-specific interactions drive processes such as protein droplet formation through liquid-liquid phase separation, is a major challenge in biological physics. The complexity of this environment often makes experimental studies extrem
The first measurement of the production of pions, kaons, (anti-)protons and ϕ mesons at midrapidity in Xe–Xe collisions at sNN=5.44TeV is presented. Transverse momentum (pT) spectra and pT-integrated yields are extracted in several centrality intervals bridging from p–Pb to mid-central Pb–Pb collisions in terms of final-state multiplicity. The study of Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb collisions allows systems at
We aimed to test the hypothesis that gluten might be associated with the development of islet cell autoimmunity. A random sample of 200 persons (87 males, mean age 42.4 years) from Estonia including one patient with type I diabetes mellitus was studied. IgG-type glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) antibodies were determined using radioligand-binding assay and IgG/IgA-type gliadin antibodies (AGA)
For most categories of consumer electrical appliances, UL and IEC standards are typically the only widely used safety standards. A number of these standards are examined to determine if they incorporate technical provisions so that complying products would thereby meet expected fire safety objectives. Specifically, the provisions are examined governing plastic parts in electrical appliances. It is
This issue of the AILA Review focuses on transdisciplinarity as the key to developing shared languages in and across domains and professional settings. The relationship and collaboration between researchers and practitioners have long been discussed within and across applied sciences and theoretical disciplines, mainly in the framework of transdisciplinarity (see AILA Review 31, 2018, for a recent
While social movement scholars have long recognized the importance of collective memory and shared pasts in the construction of collective identities, less attention has focused on the role of imagined futures. Based on a long-term ethnographic study of radical left-libertarian groups in Sweden, this paper explores the role of utopia in structuring, influencing, and evaluating actions and practice
The building blocks of Titan and Enceladus are believed to have formed in a late-stage circumplanetary disk (CPD) around Saturn. Evaluating the evolution of the abundances of volatile species in this disk as a function of the migration, growth, and evaporation of icy grains is then of primary importance to assess the origin of the material that eventually formed these two moons. Here we use a simp
Internationalised networks constitute a central aspect of global socio-technical systems and the governing and organisation of global markets. Yet, their role in sustainability transitions has not received much attention in the transition studies literature. To inform and expand recent theorisation on the global nature of socio-technical regimes, this paper engages with role of global networks in
This report concerns six cases of multiple myeloma characterized by either no demonstrable monoclonal immunoglobulin in plasma or urine or by trace amounts (less than or equal to 0.1 g/l) of monoclonal kappa chains in the urine. In all cases there was an infiltration of the bone marrow by plasma cells containing kappa chains but no heavy chains. A retrospective analysis was made of 126 consecutive
A miniaturized thermal biosensor has been evaluated as part of a flow-injection analysis system for the determination of glucose in whole blood. Glucose was determined by measuring the heat evolved when samples containing glucose passed through a small column with immobilized glucose oxidase and catalase. Samples of whole blood (1 μl) can be measured directly, without any pretreatment. The correla
Increases in phenotypic variation under extreme (e.g. novel or stressful) environmental conditions are emerging as a crucial process through which evolutionary adaptation can occur. Lack of prior stabilizing selection, as well as potential instability of developmental processes in these environments, may lead to a release of phenotypic variation that can have important evolutionary consequences. A
Several studies have investigated the effect of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) for managing chronic musculoskeletal pain, bringing contrasting results to the forefront. Thus far, however, there has been no synthesis of evidence on the effect of BoNT-A as an adjunctive treatment within a multimodal approach. Hence, Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library-CENTRAL were searched until Novembe
It is a common technique in many fields of engineering to reinforce materials with certain types of fibres in order to enhance the mechanical properties of the overall material. Specific simulation methods help to predict the behaviour of these composites in advance. In this regard, a widely established approach is the incorporation of the fibre direction vector as an additional argument of the en
Complexity science refers to the theoretical research perspectives and the formal modelling tools designed to study complex systems. A complex system consists of separate entities interacting following a set of (often simple) rules that collectively give rise to unexpected patterns featuring vastly different properties than the entities that produced them. In recent years a number of case studies
Pharmaceutical companies regularly fund patient organisations. It is important for patient organisations’ credibility that there should be transparency regarding this financial support. In Europe, the pharmaceutical industry promises to deliver transparency through self-regulation, as opposed to legally binding provisions, but self-regulation’s effectiveness is contested. We compared the industry’
The lack of success of legal challenges made against externalisation policies of various kinds is taken up in this article written by three authors focusing on three very different contexts: Oceania, Europe and South America. This comparative analysis highlights that externalisation practices are hard to challenge across the globe in the courts but for a variety of reasons. In Oceania, there is a
Political initiatives such as tax deductions for domestic services including nannies have, together with a growing au pair market, paved the way for new possibilities of organizing child care and parenting in Sweden. This affects everyday ‘local care loops’ for the upper-middle-class families purchasing the services, as the logistics of solving the work-family dilemma change with the possibility o
